海事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)軟件功能框架設(shè)計(jì)

， ， ， ，

(1.國(guó)家水運(yùn)安全工程技術(shù)研究中心，武漢 430063；2.武漢理工大學(xué) 智能交通系統(tǒng)研究中心，武漢 430063)

海事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)軟件功能框架設(shè)計(jì)

嚴(yán)新平，張金奮，張笛，汪洋，吳兵

(1.國(guó)家水運(yùn)安全工程技術(shù)研究中心，武漢430063；2.武漢理工大學(xué)智能交通系統(tǒng)研究中心，武漢430063)

針對(duì)已有的海事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)相關(guān)理論和方法在航運(yùn)、海事等領(lǐng)域?qū)嶋H應(yīng)用中仍面臨瓶頸的問(wèn)題，開(kāi)發(fā)一套功能完備、簡(jiǎn)單易用、界面美觀的海事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)軟件，以促進(jìn)海事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)的實(shí)際應(yīng)用，并為解決工程問(wèn)題提供參考。在系統(tǒng)分析相關(guān)軟件的基礎(chǔ)上，借鑒各軟件的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，開(kāi)展海事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)軟件的核心功能框架設(shè)計(jì)，并通過(guò)案例說(shuō)明軟件的預(yù)期功能。該研究是海事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)的積極探索，可為后續(xù)軟件開(kāi)發(fā)提供一定的參考。

水路運(yùn)輸；海事管理；風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)；軟件功能框架

Abstract: The theories and methodologies of Maritime Risk Assessment (MRA) is still the bottleneck for its practical application into shipping and maritime industry. In order to overcome such bottleneck, it is practically significant to develop the risk assessment software, which is full-featured, easy to use and with attractive interfaces. The relevant software that can be used to make maritime risk assessment is evaluated systematically. The advantages of the variety of software are discussed for the MRA software developers to draw on them. On the basis of the discussions, the framework of MRA is designed and its expected functions are illustrated with several examples. The research provides a meaningful exploration for the development of MRA software, which provides reference for the follow-up software development.

Keywords: waterway transportation; maritime administration; risk assessment; software framework

水路運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)因受到船舶、人員、環(huán)境和管理等因素的影響而在實(shí)際運(yùn)營(yíng)過(guò)程中存在一定的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因此采取有效的措施將各類(lèi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制在可接受的范圍內(nèi)是航運(yùn)公司和相關(guān)管理部門(mén)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)之一。隨著海事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)相關(guān)理論及方法不斷發(fā)展和完善，利用這些理論及方法客觀、定量評(píng)估各類(lèi)海事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，采取有效措施降低水路運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)具有重要意義。國(guó)際海事組織(International Maritime Organization, IMO)提出的綜合安全評(píng)估(Formal Safety Assessment, FSA)[1]提供有較為完整的海事風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)框架。FSA劃分為風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制措施、費(fèi)用效益分析和決策等5個(gè)步驟，每個(gè)步驟都推薦可采用的理論和方法。……