生物原料高效轉化機制與調控規律課題年度報告

齊海山

摘 要：針對非糧原料，獲得了高效利用生物質代謝生物能源菌株，確定了影響菌株正常生長和產物合成的主要代謝途徑；從系統水平上解析了釀酒酵母對纖維素水解液中多種抑制劑在多個水平上的響應機制，在小分子代謝途徑方面，發現了典型抑制劑耐受性相關的代謝物，解析微生物對抑制劑的響應機制和耐受策略。從生物信息學和代謝物組學水平解析了抗生素高效合成機制，并提出了生物質高效轉化目標產物（如：漆酶、抗生素）的過程強化策略。鑒定了粗糙脈孢菌中生物質糖轉運蛋白（CDT-1、CDT-2）和相關調控因子（hcr-1、hcr-2），解析了生理生化功能，構建了脈孢菌系統糖轉運蛋白測試系統。開展了功能菌群資源化利用甘蔗糖蜜廢水發酵制2-苯乙醇研究，利用rDNA PCR-DGGE技術，對菌群動態演變及功能特征進行了解析，用代謝物組學闡明了混合菌群的協同作用機制；研究了維生素C生產的二步發酵中的大菌和小菌之間的協同作用及其對生產的影響；解析并優化了嗜熱厭氧梭菌共培養高效轉化玉米秸稈產氫氣過程。

關鍵詞：復雜生物原料 系統分析 抑制劑 高效轉化 混菌體系 調控規律

Abstract：For the non-food raw materials， the bioenergy strains that could use biomass efficiently were obtained， and the major metabolic pathways influencing strains normal growth and product synthesis were also determined. The response mechanism in multiple levels of saccharomyces cerevisiae to a variety of inhibitors in the cellulose hydrolysis liquid was analyzed from the system level. The metabolites related to the typical inhibitor tolerance were found in the aspect of small molecular metabolic pathways， and the response mechanisms and tolerance strategies of microorganism to inhibitors were analyzed. Besides， the antibiotics efficient synthesis mechanisms were analyzed in the level of bioinformatics and metabolomics， and the process intensification strategy that biomass was efficiently convered into target products （such as laccase， antibiotics） was put forward. The biomass sugar transporters （CDT-1， CDT-2） and relevant regulating factors （hcr-1， hcr-2） in neurospora crassa were identified， the physiological and biochemical functions were analyzed， and a test system of sugar transporters in neurospora crassa was constructed. Moreover， the research about the fermentation of 2-phenyl ethanol using sugar cane molasses wastewater with functional bacteria was carried out， the dynamic evolution and functional characteristics of bacteria was analyzed using the rDNA PCR-DGGE technology， and the synergy mechanism of the mixed bacteria was illustrated by metabolomics. The synergistic effect of bacteria in the secondary fermentation of Vitamin C， as well as its impact on production was investigated， and the process that thermophilic anaerobic clostridium co-cultured converts corn straw to produce hydrogen gas efficiently was analyzed and optimized.

Key Words：Complex biological material；Systematic analysis；Inhibitors；Efficient transformation；Mixed culture；Regulating characteristics

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