于丹軍,樊 靜,門 帥,胡 月,姜 麗,曹麗艷,龔 珊
(1.秦皇島市第一醫院 檢驗科,河北 秦皇島066000;2.秦皇島市第四醫院 檢驗科,河北 秦皇島066000)
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卵巢癌患者外周血調節性T細胞與TGF-β、IL-10檢測及其臨床意義
于丹軍1,樊 靜2,門 帥1,胡 月1,姜 麗1,曹麗艷1,龔 珊1
(1.秦皇島市第一醫院 檢驗科,河北 秦皇島066000;2.秦皇島市第四醫院 檢驗科,河北 秦皇島066000)
目的 探討卵巢癌患者手術前后及化療前后外周血CD4+CD25+調節性T細胞(Treg)比例,與TGF-β1、TGF-β2、IL-10含量變化的意義。方法 收集30例卵巢癌患者手術前后及化療后的外周靜脈血。采用流式細胞術檢測外周血Treg比例;用ELISA法檢測血清中細胞因子TGF-β1、TGF-β2、IL-10的含量,并以同期30例健康體檢者為對照組。結果 與健康對照組比較,卵巢癌患者CD4+CD25+CD127LOW占CD4+T淋巴細胞的比率、CD4+CD25+Foxp3+占CD4+T淋巴細胞比率及TGF-β1、IL-10含量明顯增高、TGF-β2明顯降低,差異有統計學意義(P< 0.01),手術后及化療后外周血CD4+CD25+CD127LOW占CD4+T淋巴細胞的比率分別為[(1.610±0.465)%],[( 1.182±0.195)%],[( 1.033±0.210)%];CD4+CD25+Foxp3+占CD4+T淋巴細胞比率分別為[(2.305±0.77)%],[(1.573±0.45)%],[(0.986±0.37)%];細胞因子TGF-β1含量分別為(425.1±239.8) pg/ml,(287.5±239.8) pg/ml,(196.7±192.5) pg/ml;TGF-β2含量分別為(47.76±25.36) pg/ml,(32.22±17.81) pg/ml,(19.59 ±13.15) pg/ml;IL-10含量分別為(42.13±61.22) pg/ml,(17.34±11.21) pg/ml,(9.67±4.05) pg/ml,手術后及化療后卵巢癌患者CD4+CD25+CD127LOW占CD4+T淋巴細胞的比率、CD4+CD25+Foxp3+占CD4+T淋巴細胞比率及TGF-β1、TGF-β2、IL-10的含量較術前明顯減低(P<0.01)。結論 卵巢癌患者手術后及化療后外周血CD4+CD25+CD127LOW占CD4+T淋巴細胞的比率、CD4+CD25+Foxp3+占CD4+T淋巴細胞比率及血清中細胞因子TGF-β1、TGF-β2、IL-10水平明顯降低,動態監測它們的水平變化可作為評估卵巢癌患者免疫功能的可靠指標,對其輔助診斷及療效觀察的評價具有重要臨床意義。
卵巢癌;調節性T細胞;Foxp3;細胞因子
(ChinJLabDiagn,2016,20:1655)
調節性T細胞(Treg)是一類具有免疫調節功能的抑制性淋巴細胞亞群,可以抑制免疫系統的抗腫瘤反應,從而促進腫瘤的發生、發展。同時它通過細胞接觸抑制機制釋放多種免疫抑制因子,如轉化生長因子(TGF-β) 、IL-10等在誘導腫瘤的T細胞免疫耐受中發揮極其重要的作用[1,2]。轉錄因子叉頭蛋白P3(Foxp3)在Treg的發育過程中起關鍵作用,Foxp3的表達是Treg細胞的一個特異性免疫標記[3]。本文通過檢測卵巢癌患者手術前后及化療后外周血中Treg細胞、Foxp3、TGF-β、IL-10的水平,為腫瘤的預防、診斷和治療提供可靠依據。
1.1 研究對象 選擇2014年8月至2015年8月在秦皇島第一醫院經病理確診的卵巢惡性腫瘤患者(漿液性乳頭狀囊腺癌,中低度分化-低度分化)30例,年齡(42-75)歲,中位年齡55歲。選擇同時期來我院健康體檢者30名(健康對照組),年齡(33-77)歲,中位年齡53歲。
1.2 標本采集 卵巢癌患者在確診24 h內未進行放化療,采集靜脈血2 ml(卵巢癌組術前);術后1個月采血2 ml(卵巢癌組術后);化療4個周期后采血2 ml(卵巢癌組化療后),健康體檢者采靜脈血2 ml(健康對照組),EDTA-K2抗凝。
1.3 試劑與儀器 流式細胞儀使用用美國貝克曼公司提供的XL四色分析儀,鼠抗人FITC-CD4、PE-CD25、PC5-CD127和同型對照鼠抗人IgG均購自美國貝克曼公司。Foxp3試劑盒購自美國ebioscience公司,IL-10、TGF-β1、TGF-β2試劑盒均購自Rapibio公司。
1.4 檢測方法 用流式細胞儀測定CD4+CD25+CD127low占CD4+T淋巴細胞比率,CD4+CD25+Foxp3+占CD4+T淋巴細胞比率,用酶標儀檢測各組血清中TGF-β1、TGF-β2、IL-10含量,按照ELISA試劑盒說明書嚴格操作。

2.1 與對照組比較,卵巢癌患者外周血CD4+CD25+CD127LOW占CD4+T淋巴細胞的比率、CD4+CD25+Foxp3+占CD4+T淋巴細胞比率明顯增高、血清中TGF-β2含量明顯降低、IL-10含量明顯增高,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05),見表1。

表1 兩組外周血CD4+CD25+CD127LOW/CD4+及CD4+CD25+Foxp3+/CD4+TGF-β1、TGF-β2、IL-10的水平
2.2 卵巢癌患者手術后及化療后外周血CD4+CD25+CD127LOW占CD4+T淋巴細胞的比率、CD4+CD25+Foxp3+占CD4+T淋巴細胞比率、血清中TGF-β1、TGF-β2、IL-10含量明顯降低,差異有統計學意義(P<0.01),見表2。

表2 卵巢癌患者手術前后及化療后外周血CD4+CD25+CD127LOW/CD4+、CD4+CD25+Foxp3+/CD4+TGF-β1、TGF-β2、IL-10的水平
注:Pa:手術前后P值;Pb:化療后P值
近年來研究顯示,卵巢癌、乳腺癌、肺癌、胃癌等惡性腫瘤患者的外周血和腫瘤局部微環境中Treg細胞比例明顯增高,很多研究也已經證實在動物腫瘤模型與腫瘤患者外周血以及局部腫瘤組織中Treg細胞均顯著升高[4-6],因此大多數腫瘤患者抗腫瘤免疫功能低下與Treg細胞密切相關[7]。本研究中卵巢癌患者外周血CD4+CD25+CD127LOW占CD4+T淋巴細胞的比率、CD4+CD25+Foxp3+占CD4+T淋巴細胞比率與健康對照組相比明顯增高,從而說明Treg細胞在腫瘤的發生、發展過程中起到抑制抗腫瘤免疫的作用。
Treg是具有顯著免疫抑制作用的CD4 T細胞亞群,具有免疫無能和免疫抑制兩大特性[8,9],其對免疫系統功能具有抑制效應,維持機體免疫穩態,另外參與腫瘤的免疫調節功能,與腫瘤細胞的免疫逃逸與免疫耐受密切相關。Foxp3是Treg細胞生長發育和發揮細胞抑制功能的重要因子,可以促進腫瘤生長抑制及機體抗腫瘤免疫應答。本研究顯示卵巢癌患者Foxp3顯著升高,手術后CD4+CD25+CD127LOW占CD4+T淋巴細胞的比率、CD4+CD25+Foxp3+占CD4+T淋巴細胞比率均明顯降低,提示其與腫瘤負荷相關。原因可能是腫瘤細胞通過某種機制誘導CD4+CD25+細胞增殖與分化,而調節性T細胞的增加又有利于腫瘤的進展。Treg可通過多種機制發揮其抑制免疫應答的功能,包括表達抑制細胞表面蛋白如細胞毒T淋巴細胞相關抗原4(CTLA-4),分泌抑制因子如腫瘤壞死因子-β(TGF-β) 和白細胞介素-10(IL-10),導致代謝紊亂和直接的細胞溶解等。本研究卵巢癌患者,IL-10、TGF-β的水平異常升高,手術后其水平隨Treg水平減低而明顯降低。TGF-β可以通過抑制宿主免疫活性細胞,進而促進腫瘤的發生、發展,IL-10具有雙向免疫調節特性,它介導的免疫抑制機制是通過作用于不同的免疫細胞亞群,以多種方式發揮免疫抑制,造成機體抗腫瘤免疫逃逸。有研究證實Treg細胞在荷瘤鼠體內,能通過TGF-β和IL-10的作用調節免疫抑制[10-12]。同時研究結果顯示,卵巢癌患者化療后外周血CD4+CD25+CD127LOW占CD4+T淋巴細胞的比率、CD4+CD25+Foxp3+占CD4+T淋巴細胞比率、TGF-β以及IL-10水平均明顯減低,可能與化療抑制腫瘤的發生發展有關。本文通過檢測Treg細胞、Foxp3、TGF-β以及IL-10水平,從而了解機體的免疫功能狀態,尤其對腫瘤患者診斷、治療及預后評估具有重要的理論和臨床意義。
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Regulatory T cells in peripheral blood and IL-10、TGF-β detection and its clinical significance in patients with ovarian cancer
YUDan-jun,FANJing,MENShuang,etal.
(Clinicallaboratory,FirstHospitalofQinhuangdaoCity,Qinhuangdao066000,China)
Objective To explore the proportion of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells in peripheral blood and the content variation of TGF-β1、TGF-β2、IL-10 in serum in patients with ovarian cancer before and after surgery and chemotherapy.Methods Collect 30 cases of patient’s peripheral venous blood with ovarian cancer before and after surgery and chemotherapy.Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of regulatory T cells; ELASA was used to detect content of TGF-β1、TGF-β2、IL-10 cytokines in serum,and 30 cases of healthy physical examination as the control group to the same period.Results Compared with healthy control group,the proportion of CD4+CD25+CD127LOWand CD4+CD25+Foxp3+regulatory T cells accounted for CD4+T lymphocytes and the content of TGF-β1、IL-10 in serum in patients with ovarian cancer was significantly higher ,TGF-β2 was significantly lower TGF-β2(P<0.01),the proportion of CD4+CD25+CD127LOWaccounted for CD4+T lymphocytes after surgery and chemotherapy was [(1.610±0.465)%],[( 1.182±0.195)%]and [( 1.033±0.210)%],respectively; The proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+regulatory T cells accounted for CD4+T lymphocytes after surgery and chemotherapy was [(2.305±0.77)%],[(1.573±0.45)%]and [(0.986±0.37)%],respectively; The content of TGF-β1 cytokines after surgery and chemotherapy was (425.1±239.8) pg/ml,(287.5±239.8) pg/ml and (196.7±192.5) pg/ml,respectively; The content of TGF-β2 cytokines after surgery and chemotherapy was (47.76±25.36) pg/ml,(32.22±17.81) pg/ml and (19.59 ±13.15) pg/ml ,respectively; The content of IL-10 cytokines after surgery and chemotherapy was (42.13±61.22) pg/ml,(17.34±11.21) pg/ml and (9.67±4.05) pg/ml,respectively.The proportion of CD4+CD25+CD127LOWand CD4+CD25+Foxp3+regulatory T cells accounted for CD4+T lymphocytes and the content of TGF-β1、TGF-β2、IL-10 in serum in patients with ovarian cancer was significantly lower after surgery and chemotherapy (P< 0.01).Conclusion The proportion of CD4+CD25+CD127LOWand CD4+CD25+Foxp3+accounted for CD4+T lymphocytes and the level of TGF-β1、TGF-β2 and IL-10 in serum in patients with ovarian cancer were significantly decrease after surgery and chemotherapy,monitoring their changes in levels dynamically can be used as the reliability index of evaluating the immune function of patients with ovarian cancer,and has important clinical significance on the auxiliary diagnosis and evaluation of curative observation.
Ovarian cancer;Regulatory T cells;Foxp3;Cytokines
1007-4287(2016)10-1655-03
R737.31
A
2015-12-25)