智能變電站自動化內容淺析

鄔鵬

【Abstract】 Intelligent substation automation system by interval layer the real time acquisition total analog， switch equipment， electrical measurement， synchronous phasor， wave record signals， protection and other kinds of information. And through the intelligent interface device of data collection and other intelligent system.This article mainly starts with the basic design of intelligent substation， through the introduction of the related network layout of intelligent substation， agreement， thus raises the network distribution， basic function realization， main content. Speak in flow process and the internal cover separate analysis has been done for the related function modules， and some matters needing attention.

【Keywords】 Intelligent substation；automation；The main function；configuration

1 The main function of automation

1.1 Data acquisition and processing

Intelligent substation automation system by interval layer the real time acquisition total analog， switch equipment、electrical measurement、synchronous phasor、 wave record signals、 protection and other kinds of information； Through the intelligent interface device to collect other intelligent system of data.At the same time， should be able to establish real-time database， historical database， can constantly update from interval layer or process equipment all reliable real-time data and historical data are stored. Database should also facilitate the expansion and maintenance， generate database can modify online or offline.

1.2 Remote function

1.2.1 Remote content

Substation automation system should be able to through remote communication device control layer and multiple dispatch center at the same time EMS master station， communication automation system control center. Correct receiving、 processing、dispatching center、set control center of the remote control command.According to "regulations of technology of power system dispatching automation design" and to meet the needs of each dispatching terminal， 500 kV intelligent substation tele-control information content is as follows：

（1）Telemetry content：500 kV/220 kV line active power， reactive power，current， voltage；500 kV/220 kV bus voltage and frequency；35 kV busbar voltage （or 66 kV）；220 kV bus coupler，the piecewise current；Main transformer with three active power，reactive power，current；Low voltage reactor，capacitor reactive power，current；High pressure reactor reactive power，current；Main transformer tap position signal.

（2）Remote communication content：Total station accident total signal；All circuit breakers position signal； Related to the operation mode of isolating switch position signal； Reflect the operation state of the breaker grounding position signal； Total station unified clock synchronization system running state monitoring signal； Main transformer protection the signal； Reactive power compensation device protection action always signal； Main transformer on-load voltage regulation blocking signal； Total input/AVC remote control blocking signal； Main transformer tap remote （remote/local） signal； Remote control for low voltage reactive power compensation element （the distance/local） signal； All line main protection action signals； All lines reclosing action signal.

（3）Remote control content：The main transformer tap lifting； Reactive power compensation capacitor and reactor group for.

1.2.2 Remote implementation

500 kV substation shall be carried out in accordance with the intelligent substation construction， total station set up a set of substation automation system， remote function into the system.Substation automation system according to the hierarchical distributed network structure， remote functions performed by layer stand accused of remote communication device.Substation tele-control information transmitted by remote communication device to the dispatching automation system， also through remote communication device to set control center， and accept of the remote control of the center for instructions.Protection substation and dispatching terminal， with the reliability of information transmission， remote communication device for double machine redundant configuration.

Substation automation system should possess， reactive voltage automatic control software by remote communication device receives the scheduling of the automatic voltage control command， the interval of the substation automation system layer of measure-control device of main transformer tap and reactive power compensation capacitor and reactor group for control， and satisfy the AVC distance/on-site safety lockout condition.

2 Automation system configuration

Station generally， the ring can be used to control layer network topology and a star topology structure.Ring network reliability is higher than the star， but through the dual redundancy configuration， star dual network reliability is greatly improved， can meet the engineering requirements. Star network real time better than the ring， and extend more easily， as long as the reserve enough at central switch ports can be extended.Star structure in operational maintenance， transmission time， extension performance is better than that of ring structure， and through redundancy configuration method can improve the reliability of the star network. So intelligent substation control layer network selects the double star topology.

Process layer network includes chicago-brewed GOOSE and sampling value networks， sampling value networks main function is to realize the current， voltage of ac sampling values to upload；Chicago-brewed GOOSE networks main function is to realize the switch of upload and switching control， prevent false atresia， etc.Therefore， combining with the relay protection design， automation chicago-brewed GOOSE and sampling value networks respectively by star Ethernet network independently， below is no longer here.

2.1 Stand accused of layer configuration

Stand accused of layer equipment including host， operator stations， engineer station and remote communication device， synchronous phasor information forwarding device， network communication record analysis system， and other intelligent interface equipment， etc.

2.1.1 Collection and storage server

Stand accused of a host for the interval layer data acquisition， processing， storage， and other various tasks， is the core of the substation automation system， so the host should use multicore servers， its performance should be able to meet the functional requirements of the whole system， the host of processing power， storage capacity should be adapted to substation planning capacity.Intelligent substation automation system with double redundancy configuration， double function of automatic uniform distribution load， single machine failure， the other one with full load. At the same time， also should have the hardware equipment and software task module run since the monitoring function.

2.1.2 The operator station

Operator station is the main interface of substation automation system， shall meet the operation personnel operation intuitive， convenient， safe and reliable， therefore can only substation adopts full graphics operator workstations， each operator workstation supports dual LCD monitor， to the sound card simultaneously， speakers and other audio alarm device.

2.1.3 The engineer station

Engineer station substation automation system is the main interface contact professional maintenance staff， including all function of operator station and maintenance， development capabilities， a single set of configuration.Hardware compatibility， the engineer workstation equal to operator workstation according to specifications， but one like screen requirements.

2.1.4 Remote communication device

Remote communication device by stand accused of Ethernet to collect real-time data from the interval layer directly， the capacity and performance indicators should be able to meet the requirements of substation remote specification and function transformation， all information through remote communication device in different requirements to the dispatching control center and set the main transmission. Ensure the reliability of the real-time information transmission， remote communication device for double set of configuration.

Scheduling side EMS system and the main control center automation system modeling， according to the IEC61970 standard IEC61850 substation automation system is used standard modeling， because of the IEC61850 and IEC61970 standard model interchange technology standard has not been formed， therefore suggested that the remote communication devices are still through the IEC60870-5-101 or 104 specifications with the main communication.

2.1.5 Synchronous phasor information forwarding device

Synchronous phasor information forwarding device adopts embedded devices， through a separate network phasor data acquisition interval layer - PMU - 2 device， and through the dispatching data network communicate with WAMS master station control system， at the same time for advanced application functions to realize automation system stands accused of layer to provide dynamic data. Intelligent substation synchronous phasor information forwarding devices to a single set of configuration.

2.1.6 Network communication record analysis system

Substation automation system still need to configure the network correspondence analysis system.Communication through the network recorder real-time monitoring， recording MMS network， chicago-brewed GOOSE network， sampling value network communication message， periodic save to file. At the same time set up network communication message at stand accused of layer analysis device to analyze network traffic， the condition of the port. Network traffic analysis device for a single set of configuration.

2.2 Spacer layer configuration

Spacer layer equipment including measurement device and other intelligent interface equipment， etc.Measurement and control device in accordance with the DL/T860 or IEC 61850 standard modeling， self-describing has perfect function， and stands accused of direct communication equipment.Supported by chicago-brewed GOOSE packet interval layer five united locking function， supported by chicago-brewed GOOSE message downward equipment operation.Due to a connection mode for 3/2 form， 500 kV voltage class is not recommended to protect and control one device； 35 kV （or 66 kV） with measurement， measurement， control， integrated protection device.

220 kV voltage class for double busbar connection mode， recommendation 220 kV unity USES the protection measure and control device， it is completely feasible in technology， and can save half of the hardware device. Bao， one another advantage is can save the process of measurement and control device layer port.According to the way interval layer configuration process switches， will not affect the switch stations， increased the standby port number.Using the unity of 220 kV protection measurement and control scheme， and control the corresponding double configuration of layers A and B network access process respectively. Under normal circumstances， access to A network measurement and control device of the background communication information and automation system， access network measurement and control device B data is locked. When A measurement and control device failure， switch to the measurement and control device B.

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