高溫熱處理對落葉松仿珍貴木材顏色變化的影響1)

馬偉 強添綱 郭明輝

(生物質(zhì)材料科學(xué)與技術(shù)教育部重點實驗室(東北林業(yè)大學(xué))，哈爾濱，150040)

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高溫熱處理對落葉松仿珍貴木材顏色變化的影響1)

馬偉 強添綱 郭明輝

(生物質(zhì)材料科學(xué)與技術(shù)教育部重點實驗室(東北林業(yè)大學(xué))，哈爾濱，150040)

采用氮氣作為保護氣對落葉松進行高溫熱處理仿珍貴木材，研究了不同處理溫度、處理時間對落葉松顏色變化的影響，分析了不同處理條件下落葉松仿珍貴木材顏色變化的機理，并得出仿珍貴木材相應(yīng)的工藝參數(shù)。回歸分析表明：隨著處理溫度的升高和時間的延長，飽和度差ΔC*明顯降低，色差ΔE*及色相差ΔH*顯著增加，說明熱處理能有效地使木材顏色均勻加深，并達到仿珍貴木材的目的；相對于熱處理時間，熱處理溫度對落葉松仿珍貴木材的影響更顯著；木質(zhì)素和抽提物隨著處理時間和溫度的變化發(fā)生一系列化學(xué)變化，是落葉松顏色改變的重要原因。利用此特性，對部分淺色人工林木材進行高溫熱處理，可使其趨近于珍貴材顏色，從而提高產(chǎn)品附加值。

落葉松；熱處理；色差；木質(zhì)素；抽提物；仿珍貴木材

Journal of Northeast Forestry University，2016,44(12)：37-41.

We studied the effect of different temperatures and time on the color changes of Larch treated by high temperature with using nitrogen as protective gas to imitate precious wood. Then, we analyzed the mechanism of the color changes of the Larch after high temperature heat treatment and the corresponding process parameters to imitate precious wood. With the increase of the induction temperature and the induction time, the saturation difference of wood was decreased significantly, chromatic aberration and color difference were increased significantly. The heat induction could enhance the color of wood. Relative to the heat induction time, the effect of heat induction temperature on the color changes of larch was more significant. A series of chemical changes occurred with the change of induction time and induction temperature which was an important reason for the color changes of Larch induced by high temperature heat. The color change can be used to heat induced some kinds of light-colored artificial wood to make them close to the color of the precious wood for increasing the added value.

落葉松材質(zhì)硬且密度大，抗壓、抗彎強度比較大，耐腐性強，是家具與室內(nèi)裝修用材的重要原料[1]。我國相對低質(zhì)的人工林落葉松木材資源十分豐富，落葉松質(zhì)地堅硬，耐腐蝕性較好，但尺寸穩(wěn)定性和顏色問題一直是應(yīng)用的弊端。其中顏色是木材重要視覺特性，同時對木材產(chǎn)品的商業(yè)價值起著至關(guān)重要的作用[2]。……