朱穎 吳永波 李文霞 呂建 孟亦奇
(江蘇省南方現代林業協同創新中心(南京林業大學),南京,210037)
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河岸人工林緩沖帶截留磷素能力及適宜寬度1)
朱穎 吳永波 李文霞 呂建 孟亦奇
(江蘇省南方現代林業協同創新中心(南京林業大學),南京,210037)
以中山杉林、楊樹林、中山杉—楊樹林3種太湖人工林緩沖帶為研究對象,分析不同緩沖帶寬度對富營養物質磷素的截留效果差異,為確定緩沖帶適宜寬度提供科學依據。結果表明:3種類型人工林緩沖帶徑流水中的磷酸根質量濃度沒有特定的空間趨勢,總磷、可溶性總磷隨寬度增加質量濃度減少,研究區人工林緩沖帶對徑流水中總磷的最大去除率可達78.2%。土壤總磷質量分數隨寬度的變化呈極顯著正相關(p<0.01)。回歸分析得出徑流水中的總磷去除率達80%時,最佳人工林緩沖帶為43.64 m寬的楊樹林帶。
河岸人工林緩沖帶;寬度;總磷;可溶性總磷;磷酸根;有效磷
Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2016,44(12):31-36,41.
An experiment was conducted to study the effects of phosphorus removal by three types of Taihu Lake riparian plantation buffer strips, including Taxodium ‘zhongshansha’ forest, Poplar forest and Taxodium ‘zhongshansha’-Poplar mixed forest in terms of width. The PO43-contents of surface runoff did not follow any specific spatial trend in the three kind of riparian plantation buffer strips. The total phosphorus and total dissolved phosphorus contents of surface runoff showed decline trend with the increase of width, and the total phosphorus retention efficiency was as the highest as 78.2%. Total phosphorus contents of soil were significantly positive correlation with strip width (p<0.05). When the removal rate of total phosphorus was 80%, the Poplar forest with 43.64 m width could be as the priority plantation for buffer strips near Taihu Lake by polynomial regression analysis.
湖泊富營養化的治理成為當前一個熱點問題。農業面源污染是造成湖泊富營養化的主要原因之一。由于農業肥料的過度施用,氮、磷等污染物質在降雨或灌溉過程中,通過地表徑流、滲漏等途徑進入湖泊河流等水體,進而引起水體富營養化[1]。太湖上游是村民的聚居地,村莊依河而建,村民主要以農業為主。農村污水、生活垃圾、化肥農藥等產生的面源污染造成太湖水體受污染嚴重,僅農業污染就占太湖外部污染比重的50%。磷是引起太湖水體富營養化的主要農業面源污染物質之一,主要以游離態或結合態滯留于土壤中,遷移較緩慢,極易被土壤吸附。……