董夢(mèng)書 楊琳 陳祥盛
摘要:為了掌握竹子重要害蟲緬甸安小葉蟬(Anaka burmensis Dworakowska)的分布及危害情況,給該害蟲的生物學(xué)、生態(tài)學(xué)研究及防治提供基礎(chǔ)資料,本文采用普查和定點(diǎn)定期調(diào)查相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)我國(guó)竹子主產(chǎn)區(qū)尤其是西南地區(qū)進(jìn)行了廣泛深入的調(diào)查研究。結(jié)果表明,緬甸安小葉蟬廣泛分布于我國(guó)南方的貴州、云南、湖南、廣西、廣東、四川、重慶、湖北、福建等9個(gè)省區(qū)市,其中廣西、廣東、四川、重慶、湖北、福建為其新記錄分布省區(qū)市;緬甸安小葉蟬取食為害多種竹子,危害程度由重至輕分別為:慈竹、苦竹、糯竹、撐綠竹、麻竹和箬竹。
關(guān)鍵詞:竹子害蟲;緬甸安小葉蟬;分布;寄主植物;危害
中圖分類號(hào):Q9513
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
文章編號(hào):1008-0457(2017)02-0031-04國(guó)際DOI編碼:10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2017.02.006
Abstract: In order to find out the information on the distribution, occurrence and damage of the bamboo leafhopper pest, Anaka burmensis Dworakowska, and provide basic data for the study on the biology and ecology and control of this pest, an investigation has been undertaken in the main bamboo-growing areas of China, especially in southwestern China, by the combination of general survey and fixed-site with fixed date investigation. The results showed that Anaka burmensis is widely distributed in southern China. The study confirms the previous records of its distribution in Guizhou, Yunnan and Hunan, and reports for the first time the pest from Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei and Fujian. The pest feeds on a variety of bamboos and the degree of damage in the sequence of heavy to light is Neosinocalamus affinis, Pleioblastus amarus, Cephalostachyum pergracile, Bambusa pervariabilis Dendrocalamopsis daii, Dendrocalamus latiflorus and Indocalamus tessellatus.
Key words:bamboo pests; Anaka burmensis; distribution; host plant; damage
竹子是竹類植物的通稱,屬多年生常綠植物,在我國(guó)林業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中占據(jù)極其重要的地位[1]。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),隨著竹林的利用開發(fā)及經(jīng)營(yíng)干預(yù)程度的增加,造成竹林抵抗力低下,竹子病蟲害頻發(fā),危害日益嚴(yán)重,阻礙了竹產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展[2]。葉蟬類昆蟲是取食危害竹子的重要類群之一,許多種類已成為竹子的重要害蟲或潛在的害蟲[3]。據(jù)楊琳等[4-5]、陳祥盛等[6]報(bào)道,緬甸安小葉蟬Anaka burmensis Dworakowska[7]是近年來(lái)竹子葉蟬類害蟲中危害最重的種類。自楊琳等[5]將該蟲作為中國(guó)新記錄種報(bào)道以后,陳祥盛、楊琳等[6,8]對(duì)其生物學(xué)特性及藥劑防治進(jìn)行了初步的研究。但總的來(lái)說(shuō),有關(guān)緬甸安小葉蟬的研究?jī)H局限于貴州省貴陽(yáng)市,而該蟲在全國(guó)的分布、發(fā)生及危害情況的資料無(wú)論在深度和廣度方面仍顯不足。……