黃花倒水蓮播種育苗的影響因子研究

翁秋媛??王玉連 葉永開(kāi) 黃志森

摘要：為掌握黃花倒水蓮播種育苗的最適條件，以黃花倒水蓮當(dāng)年采收的種子為研究對(duì)象，采用常規(guī)播種方式，研究播種密度、覆土基質(zhì)及覆土厚度等因子對(duì)種子萌發(fā)及生長(zhǎng)狀況的影響，分析各處理對(duì)出苗率、苗高及基徑等指標(biāo)的影響。結(jié)果表明：在播種育苗的不同處理之間，黃花倒水蓮的出苗率、苗高及基徑的差異均達(dá)到顯著水平。綜合考慮各因素影響效果，采用播種密度為125～165粒·m-2、覆土基質(zhì)為火燒土∶紅心土=2∶1、覆土厚度為2.0～3.0 cm為優(yōu)，可以在一定程度上，提高單位面積內(nèi)合格播種苗的質(zhì)量與產(chǎn)量。

關(guān)鍵詞：黃花倒水蓮；播種密度；覆土；出苗率；基徑

中圖分類號(hào)：S793.9文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1004-3020（2017）02-0023-04

Influencing Factors of Field Sowing on Polygala fallax

Weng Qiuyuan（1） Wang Yulian（2）Ye Yongkai（2）

Huang Zhisen（2）

（1.Fujian Acacemy of Forestry ScienceFuzhou350012；2.Dehuan Forestry Bureau Quanzhou352600）

Abstract： In order to know the optimum conditions of seedling on Polygala fallax.The authors had studied the seeds of P. fallax which were harvested in the same year. The normal seeding methods were used，and the sowing density and the substrate and thickness of coversoil were studied during seedling on P. fallax，in order to analyse the influence on seedling rate， seedling height and basal diameter.The results indicated that the seedling rate， the seedling height and the basal diameter were significantly different between treatments. In order to improve the quality and quantity of seedlings in unit area，the effect of various factors were decided comprehensively.The optimum seeding density was 125～165 grains per meter，the optimum coversoil substrate was the mixture of burned soils and red soil（2：1），the optimum cover-soil tihckness was 2.0～3.0 centimeters.

Key words： Polygala fallax；sowing density；coversoil； seedling rate；basal diameter

黃花倒水蓮Polygala fallax又稱黃花遠(yuǎn)志，為遠(yuǎn)志科Polygalacaee遠(yuǎn)志屬落葉灌木或小喬木型木本觀花、藥用植物，高1～3 m，全株可供藥用，其味甘，微苦，性平，具有補(bǔ)益氣血、健脾祛濕、活血化瘀和調(diào)經(jīng)等功效[1-3]，其總提物具有抗病毒、抗氧化、抗應(yīng)激、抗炎、抗衰老、降血脂、增強(qiáng)免疫、活血等作用[4-7]。主產(chǎn)于福建、江西、湖南、廣西和云南等省區(qū)[8]的海拔700～1 500 m的山坡林下或林緣。近年來(lái)，由于黃花倒水蓮?fù)怀龅乃幱茂熜В貏e是其作為一種可清除人體內(nèi)多余自由基的天然抗氧化劑[7]，日益受到大眾認(rèn)同。然而，隨著制藥原料需求量的不斷增加，野生資源被過(guò)度采挖，導(dǎo)致黃花倒水蓮資源急劇短缺，市場(chǎng)供不應(yīng)求。播種繁殖是黃花倒水蓮較常用的繁殖方法，為了提高繁殖系數(shù)，已有學(xué)者對(duì)其……