幾種植物源殺蟲劑室內(nèi)毒力測(cè)定及對(duì)菱紋葉蟬的田間防效

摘要[目的]篩選冬季清園時(shí)防治菱紋葉蟬有效藥劑。[方法]通過(guò)室內(nèi)毒力測(cè)定試驗(yàn)和田間防效試驗(yàn)研究了印楝素等5種植物源殺蟲劑對(duì)菱紋葉蟬的防治效果。[結(jié)果]冬季清園使用0.5%藜蘆堿可溶性液劑防治菱紋葉蟬，持效期長(zhǎng)，可維持10～14 d，使用0.3%印楝素乳油持效期為7 d，菱紋葉蟬對(duì)它們十分敏感，是防治菱紋葉蟬比較理想的藥劑，適宜推廣；生產(chǎn)上推薦使用0.5%藜蘆堿可溶性液劑1 000倍稀釋液和0.3%印楝素乳油600倍稀釋液冬春伐時(shí)防治菱紋葉蟬，可有效降低越冬基數(shù)。采用1.1%百部·楝·煙乳油防治桑樹上菱紋葉蟬，不僅使用量低，而且殘效消解快，無(wú)殘留，不污染環(huán)境，建議在第1代菱紋葉蟬發(fā)生期使用1.1%百部·楝·煙乳油1 200倍稀釋液。[結(jié)論]試驗(yàn)結(jié)果為菱紋葉蟬的有效防治提供了理論依據(jù)。

關(guān)鍵詞菱紋葉蟬；植物源殺蟲劑；毒力測(cè)定；防效

中圖分類號(hào)S482.3文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼

A文章編號(hào)0517-6611（2017）36-0146-03

Abstract[Objective] The aim was to screen out effective drugs to control Hishimones sellatus Uhler.[Method] We studied indoor virulence and field efficacy of several botanical insecticides against Hishimones sellatus Uhler.[Result] The 0.5% veratrine solubility agent was used to control Hishimones sellatus Uhler in garden in winter，and had long persistent period of 10-14 days，meanwhile the persistent period of 0.3% azadirachtin EC was 7 days；Hishimones sellatus Uhler was very sensitive to them，so they were ideal drugs and suitable for generalization.In the production，1 000time dilution of 0.5% veratrine solubility agent and 600time dilution of 0.3% azadirachtin EC were used to control Hishimones sellatus Uhler in winter and spring and could decrease the overwintered number of Hishimones sellatus Uhler.The Lülang No.2 was used to control Hishimones sellatus Uhler on mulberry，not only needed less dosage，but also had no residue and no environmental pollution，so it is suggested that 1 200time dilution of Lülang No.2 was used to control Hishimones sellatus Uhler at the occurrence period of the 1st generation.[Conclusion] The results provide theoretical basis for the control of Hishimones sellatus Uhler.

Key wordsHishimones sellatus Uhler；Botanical insecticides；Toxicity measurement；Control effect

菱紋葉蟬（Hishimones sellatus Uhler）主要為害桑樹，危害方式是將卵產(chǎn)在桑樹枝條的中上部皮層下。初齡若蟲喜聚集在枝條新梢嫩芽或嫩葉上刺吸汁液。除直接為害外，菱紋葉蟬還是桑樹黃化型萎縮病的主要傳毒介體。菱紋葉蟬在安康地區(qū)1年發(fā)生4代，每年9月從農(nóng)田作物和雜草上大量遷回桑園產(chǎn)卵越冬，是降低越冬基數(shù)和翌年傳毒的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期。為了篩選冬季清園時(shí)防治菱紋葉蟬的有效藥劑，筆者于2016年9月對(duì)印楝素等5種植物源殺蟲劑進(jìn)行了室內(nèi)毒力測(cè)定和田間防效試驗(yàn)。

1材料與方法

1.1材料

1.1.1供試藥劑。0.3%印楝素乳油，四川成都綠金生物技術(shù)有限責(zé)任公司；……