八地腳螺栓剛性塔座板的承載力

白強(qiáng)+楊景勝+郭念+李正良

摘要：隨著中國(guó)電網(wǎng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，桿塔負(fù)荷越來越大，八地腳螺栓塔座板應(yīng)用越趨普遍。但現(xiàn)有計(jì)算理論與實(shí)際情況不符，為了使八地腳螺栓塔座板的計(jì)算方法合理、可靠，通過試驗(yàn)對(duì)八地腳螺栓剛性塔座板承載力進(jìn)行了研究，同時(shí)借助有限元對(duì)構(gòu)件進(jìn)行了參數(shù)化分析。結(jié)合經(jīng)典力學(xué)理論、試驗(yàn)及有限元數(shù)據(jù)，提出了全新的計(jì)算方法，引入了等效計(jì)算寬度和有效力臂的概念，充分考慮了底板剛度，屈曲后強(qiáng)度和墊板對(duì)承載力的影響，對(duì)工程設(shè)計(jì)具有指導(dǎo)意義。

關(guān)鍵詞：八地腳螺栓； 剛性塔座板；等效計(jì)算寬度；等效計(jì)算力臂；有限元；承載力

中圖分類號(hào)：TU391文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A文章編號(hào)：16744764（2017）03009908

Abstract：With the Chinese power grid technology developed rapidly and the load applied on tower is going larger and larger， the tower base plate with eight anchor bolts has been used more commonly. Whilst the calculate theory is not comply with the actual condition. In order to make the calculate method more reasonable and reliable ， The bearing capacity of Rigid tower base plate with eight anchor bolts is investigated through experiment and analytical parametric study was conducted to investigate the tower base plate by finite element method. Based on the result of experiment and finite element as well as classical mechanics theory， a new formula has been proposed which include the Equivalent calculating width and Equivalent calculating arm of force. This formula considered plate stiffness， postbuckling strength and subplate which influence the bearing capacity of tower base plate in this formula， thus the proposal formula is reasonable and effective， It is helpful in project design.

Keywords： Rigid tower base plate with eight anchor bolts； equivalent calculating width； equivalent calculating arm of force； finite element method； bearing capacity.

隨著國(guó)家大力推進(jìn)能源結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整，鼓勵(lì)跨區(qū)輸電項(xiàng)目，發(fā)展遠(yuǎn)距離大容量輸電技術(shù)，優(yōu)化資源配置，特高壓輸電工程得到迅猛發(fā)展。同時(shí)，為了節(jié)約土地資源，很多線路采用多回路共桿的送電模式。特高壓和同塔多回路輸電線路鐵塔的基礎(chǔ)作用力比普通線路鐵塔增大較多，工程中常見的四地腳螺栓塔座板已經(jīng)不能滿足上述線路工程的需要，在工程中更多的使用了八地腳螺栓塔座板型式[12]。

由于國(guó)外輸電線路大多采用插入式角鋼，八地腳螺栓塔座板在國(guó)外工程中很少應(yīng)用，因此在國(guó)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)中未對(duì)八地腳螺栓塔座板進(jìn)行論述。部分中國(guó)學(xué)者和行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)八地腳螺栓塔座板進(jìn)行了探討和規(guī)定。翁蘭溪等[3]研究了八地腳螺栓塔座板加勁肋對(duì)底板承載力的影響，在四地腳螺栓塔座板的計(jì)算公式上進(jìn)行了系數(shù)修正[4]；……