張富民
一、引言
大學英語是必修課,屬于通識教育課程,絕大多數的本專科生都要學習,西部地方本科院校的學生也要學習。河西學院2017級理工農醫類本科生選用《全新版大學英語》教程,2017-2018學年第一學期學習這門課程。根據教學安排,本學期筆者擔任物理與機電工程學院電子171班,電子172班,電氣工程171班,電氣工程172班學生《大學英語I》授課老師。2017年9月上、中旬,我為四個班的學生講述了《大學英語I》綜合教程的Unit I 和聽說教程的Unit 1-2這一部分。
二、教學資源
2017級新生的大學英語課是從第2周開始講授的,講授內容包括綜合教程Unit 1,聽說教程Unit 1-2,以及閱讀教程1這三部分。除此之外,學生手中還有《語法手冊》。除了課本之外,信息化環境下教育資源的合理選取與利用也格外重要。所以,結合2015級學生的教學經驗,我向學生推薦了這幾個教學平臺:(1)批改網——訓練學生的寫作、翻譯能力和四級考試備考能力;(2)英語點津——訓練學生的英語聽力理解能力;(3)九教實訓樓506自主學習教室——學生配合與教材配套的教學資源開展自主學習。在課堂上,《大學英語I》這門課主要使用《綜合教程》和《聽說教程》,學生課下自行閱讀《閱讀教程》,并把《語法手冊》作為參考書配合使用。另外,為了構建英語課堂教學氛圍,本學期督促自己努力用英語授課。以上所述就是《大學英語I》最主要的教學資源。
三、教學內容
第2-3周的教學內容包括讀寫教程Unit 1和聽說教程Unit 1-2,其中讀寫教程Unit 1授課3大節,6個學時,聽說教程Unit 1-2授課1大節,用2個學時。具體如下:
1. Unit 1 Growing UP
(1) Topic——Introduction to it to Students with teachers comprehension and experience
(2) Overview——It contains the main idea of the Unit and most complex sentences
(3) Text A —— Writing for Myself
(4) Text B —— The Scholarship Jacket
(5) Oral Practice and Writing
2. Focus Listening and Speaking
(1) Unit 1 Studying English
① Part A
a) Communicative Function: Greetings and Introduction
b) Useful Expressions for Greetings and Introductions
c) Listening Strategy: Detecting Incomplete Plosion
② Part B
a) Pre-listening Task (Questions and Language Focus)
b) Listening Tasks: Talking About Studying English (A Passage including 2 exercises)
c) Speaking Tasks (3 conversations)
③ Part C Additional Listening (A Passage: How to Listening Comprehension)
④ Part D Test Your Listening (5 Short Conversations)
(2) Unit 2 Fun with Language
① Part A
a) Communicative Function: Opening and Closing a Conversation
b) Useful Expressions for Opening and Closing a Conversation
c) Listening Strategy: Distinguishing Between Similar Sounds
② Part C Additional Listening (A Passage: Smile When You Read This)
四、教學策略
上述內容教學過程中主要采取以下教學策略:
1. 傾向于使用產出導向教學法。能力為主是大學英語教學的重點,即大學英語教學的重點是培養學生聽、說、讀、寫、譯的能力和思辨能力。所以,教學當中要設計和開展許多有利于培養學生上述能力的活動,以教師為主導,把學生作為學習的主體,為學生搭設和鋪設學習支架,促使學生主動、積極參與各種教學活動,有步驟有目的的培養自身各方面的語言運用能力。同時,教師通過自身對某一現象和話題的理解,向學生講授與之相關的內容,引導學生培養思辨能力。
2. 積極大力加強英語輸入,構建英語課堂教學環境,把學生浸入在英語氛圍中,促使學生有更多的機會學習英語,包括聽說和讀寫能力的培養。
3. 優化教學設計,合理鋪設支架,幫助學生釋疑解惑。
4. 課堂教學活動和話語有明確的教學目的和能力培養傾向,旨在提升課堂教學效益和提升教學品味。
5. 注重引導和啟發,引導學生學習活動,啟發學生思考和學習。
6. 努力凸顯自身教學風格和特色,把技能培養和知識傳授有機結合。
五、教學措施
㈠ Unit 1 Growing UP
1. 介紹單元大標題引入課堂教學;
2. 督促學生認知單元三個標題(第2頁)
3. 學習OVERVIEW
(1) Ss Reading through
(2) Ss Reading aloud in public
(3) Ss Translation in Chinese
(4) Teachers explanation of key and core points
4. 學習Text A Writing for Myself
(1) Introduction to Text A
a. Ss Reading through
b. Ss translation of it
c. Teachers correction and guiding of key points
(2) Contents of Text A
a. Cognition of new words on the left side on page 4
b. Ss reading through of paras. 1-2
c. Teachers Check-up: Whats the main idea of the paragraph?
d. Stylistic feature of para.2: Repetition of “it”
e. Language points presented by teacher with examples and questions
f. Cognition of new words on page 5
g. Ss reading through of paras. 3-5
h. Teachers Check-up: Whats the main idea of the paragraph?
i. Stylistic feature of para.5: Repetition of “I wanted to do sth.”
j. Language points presented by teacher with examples and questions
k. Cognition of typical, long and complex sentence in para. 5: To write it as I wanted, however, would violate all the rules of formal composition Id learned in school, and Mr. Fleagle would surely give it a failing grade.
l. Cognition of new words on page 6
m. Ss reading through of paras. 6-9
n. Teachers Check-up: Whats the main idea of the paragraph?
o. Stylistic feature of para.8: Repetition of different “laugh”
p. Language points presented by teacher with examples and questions
(3) Discourse Analysis
a. main idea
Part 1 My dream of Writing for Myself
Para.1 My idea of becoming a writer
Para.2 My prim teacher to teach me writing
Part 2 I tried to write for myself
Para.3 Titles on the list
Para.4 Vivid memories for the title I chose
Para.5 I was writing it for myself
Part 3 The result of writing for myself
Para.6 turned in the essay, and teacher graded it.
Para.7 Teacher read aloud it in class
Para.8 All the class were rather glad on hearing it, including me
Para.9 I was delight in heart for the article I wrote for myself
b. stylistic feature
——narration
——detailed description
——psychological description of “I”
5. Inspire ss to find out the answer to the question on page 8 depending on their construction of the discourse.
6. Assignments after class
(1) Text Organization exs. 2 on page 9
(2) Language Sense Enhancement 1 on page 10
(3) Memorize key words in box on page 12
(4) Finish Vocabulary exs. 1 on page 12-13
(5) Write the article assigned to you on Pigai.org
—— Thats the end of the 1st lesson of Integrated Course
㈡ Guidance and Practice of the Utilization of Language of Unit 1
1. Dictation of the key words in box
(1) Ss prepare for it
(2) Dictation
(3) Grade it in pair
2. Check up the assignment they finished after class
(1) Ss showing off in public
(2) Teacher comment on it
3. Guide ss to finish vocabulary exercises
(1) Ss show off what they did
(2) Teacher show Ss how to finish it
(3) All class finish Vocabulary 1 together
(4) Remind them of the key points among them
4. Guide ss to know the synonymous
(1) Whole class learn the theory to finish it
(2) Ss try to finish it
(3) Check up Sss finishing
(4) Teachers guidance
5. Guide ss to know the collocation
(1) Whole class learn the theory to finish it
(2) Ss try to finish it
(3) Check up Sss finishing
(4) Teachers guidance
6. Guide ss to finish Cloze 2
(1) Whole class learn the theory to finish it
(2) Ss try to finish it
(3) Check up Sss finishing
(4) Teachers guidance
7. Whole class try to finish Translation
(1) Announce to ss the task
(2) Teachers guidance
(3) Whole class try to translate it orally
8. Assignments after class
(1) finish Cloze 1 on page 16
(2) finish Translation 1 & 2 on page 17-18
(3) Prepare for the discussion next time
—— Thats the end of the 2nd lesson of Unit 1
㈢ Synthetic Study and Practice of Reading, Speaking and Writing
(1) Extensive Reading of Text B: The Scholarship Jacket
a. A student reads aloud the paragraph first
b. Then, Teacher translates it.
c. Last, comprehension and guidance
d. Language points
(2) Discussion of the 4 question
1. Present ss the questions
2. divide ss into several groups to discuss the questions
3. Ask ss to present and report their discussion to class
4. Teacher praises and grades their performance
(3) Writing of A Letter
a. Whole class learn the theory of Writing A Letter
b. Whole class appreciate the sample on page 26
c. Single out one students to read aloud her or his article in public and comment on it
(4) Assignment after class: Finish the task assigned on Pigai.org
——Thats the end of the 3rd lesson of Unit 1, and Thats the end of this Unit.
As far as Listen and Speaking is concerned, the main method I adopt is to inspire, to help and to lead them into practice of the skills of speaking and listening while I check up their comprehension of the exercise and encourage them to learn it or guide them to learn it. No matter what it is, the learning and teaching of Focus Listening and Speaking is quite different from that of Integrated course.
六、教學反思
良好的開端是成功的一半。所以,大學英語課程能否成功的關鍵在于教師如何理解和設計這門課程的教學。在以往教學的基礎上,反思其中的不足,本學期,我把教學的重點放在了學生英語語言應用能力的培養上,同時鞏固學生熱愛英語學習的興趣,培養學生對語言的深度認知能力。譬如,課堂教學中的許多經典的例子,勿用手機、當頭棒喝、循序漸進、知難而進、積極參與、語用語域、習習相傳、SCI、外文文獻獲取能力、學與不學、事半功倍等。所以,好的老師應當注意把教書與育人有機結合,在吸取好的經驗、總結好的經驗、反思差的教訓的基礎上,百尺竿頭更進一步,更上一層樓,成為每堂課都能講的好的一名大學英語老師。其中,英語浸入法、討論法、啟發式、參與式、略讀、尋讀、細讀、泛讀等能力以及應試能力都得到了培養。