角色扮演法在大學英語課堂教學中的應用

張 文

(安慶師范大學外國語學院，安徽 安慶 246133)

大學英語課堂教學過程中，角色扮演法是指在老師設定的單元教學任務后，在特定的語境下，讓學生扮演某個角色，通過模仿行為，體驗角色的心理活動和情感變化，使學生對不同人物有新的感悟，對問題有更深入的理解。本文擬以《新編大學英語》第一冊第1單元“The Gift of Life”為例，具體分析角色扮演法的應用。

一、The Gift of Life故事背景和情節(jié)

課文第一部第1-3段Introduction，介紹越南戰(zhàn)爭的背景。

第二部分第4-15段 Development，故事情節(jié)發(fā)展。

其中第4段是Climax，高潮部分：受傷嚴重的小女孩必須輸血，否則有生命危險。然而當時沒有匹配血型，語言交流又出現(xiàn)障礙，經(jīng)過越南護士溝通后小男孩Heng“興”答應給女孩輸血。

第三部分第16-19段 Significance，故事的啟示和意義。

二、The Gift of Life中的角色

AD—American Navy Doctor 美國海軍軍醫(yī)

AN—American Navy Nurse美國海軍護士

H—Heng(the little boy)男孩名興

VN—Vietnamese Nurse越南護士

三、學生角色扮演時的對話文本

AD：The little girl was severely wounded.

AN：What shall we do? We do not have plasma；

AD：Unluckily we do not have the matched blood type.

AN：Maybe some of the unwounded children have.

AD：Who is willing to donate blood to save the little girl? Oh，my dear children!

H：I… I’d like to give blood (with hesitation).

AN：Thank you very much! Would you please tell us your name?

H：I’m Heng.

H：(crying.)

AN：What’s wrong with you，my dear child?

H：Hmm…I…I…

VN：Why are you crying? What’s the matter with you ?

H：I’m too depressed that I’ll have to go to another world.I feel a bit frightened.I don’t want to die.

VN：Why do you think you are going to die?

H：The doctor said if she could not get the blood needed，the girl would die immediately.

VN：Oh，no! you might have misunderstood him.The girl only need some of your blood.You just donate some blood，which will do no harm to your body.

H：Really? Are you certain?

VN：Certainly.Would you please sleep for several hours now.I can promise that you’ll be as healthy as before after waking up.

VN：(to the puzzled Navy nurse)Heng thought he was to die soon.It’s his misundersting.He thought if he gave all his blood to the girl，she could be saved.

AN：But for what reason is he willing to do that?

VN：Heng，the Navy nurse wants to know why you determine to give all your blood to help her?

H： She’s my friend.

四、問題討論

1.How many people were killed and wounded in the bomb ?

One or two missionary died and several orphans were wounded.

2.How about the little girl ?

She might die from loss of blood at once.

3.What did the American doctor and nurse lack at that moment?

They did not have the matched blood type.And they have difficulty in communication.

4.Why did Heng lie on bed numb and then cry?

Because the nurse asked him to donate his blood and he thought he was to die.

5.For what reason did the boy feel“greatly relieved”?

The nurse cleared up his misunderstanding and he knew he would not die.

6.Why did Heng make up his mind to give his blood for saving the girl?

Because Heng regarded her as his friend.

7.What is the significance of the story?

It ilustrates us what is sincere friendship—one determines to save a friend’s life at the risk of his own life.

參考文獻：

[1]應惠蘭.新編大學英語(第三版)綜合教程[M].北京：外語教學與研究出版社，2012：2-5.

[2]陳堅林.現(xiàn)代英語教學組織與管理[M].上海：上海外語教育出版社，2000.36.