烏拉地爾和尼卡地平治療老年高血壓急癥的臨床分析

張曉慧

【摘要】 目的 分析烏拉地爾和尼卡地平治療老年高血壓急癥的臨床療效。方法 64例老年高血壓急癥患者作為研究對(duì)象， 隨機(jī)分為觀察組與對(duì)照組， 每組32例。對(duì)照組采用尼卡地平治療， 觀察組采用烏拉地爾治療， 比較兩組降壓效果及安全性。結(jié)果 兩組治療前、用藥后2 h及離院時(shí)舒張壓、收縮壓組間比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P>0.05）；用藥30、60 min時(shí)， 觀察組舒張壓、收縮壓均明顯低于對(duì)照組， 差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P<0.05）。對(duì)照組出現(xiàn)4例不良反應(yīng)， 其中頭暈2例、口干面紅2例， 不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率為12.5%；觀察組出現(xiàn)2例不良反應(yīng)， 均為口干面紅， 不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率為6.3%；兩組患者不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率比較差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（χ2=0.736， P=0.391>0.05）。結(jié)論 烏拉地爾和尼卡地平對(duì)老年高血壓急癥的降壓效果相當(dāng)， 其中烏拉地爾降壓速度快， 兩種藥物均有良好安全性。

【關(guān)鍵詞】 老年高血壓急癥；烏拉地爾；尼卡地平；不良反應(yīng)

DOI：10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2018.02.044

Clinical analysis of urapidil and nicardipine in the treatment of elderly hypertensive emergencies ZHANG Xiao-hui. Department of Integrated Geriatrics， Jilin Qianwei Hospital， Changchun 130012， China

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of urapidil and nicardipine in the treatment of elderly hypertensive emergencies. Methods A total of 64 elderly patients with hypertensive emergencies as study subjects were randomly divided into observation group and control group， with 32 cases in each group. The control group received nicardipine for treatment， and the observation group received urapidil for treatment. Comparison were made on antihypertensive effect and safety between two groups. Results Both groups had no statistically significant difference in diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure before treatment， after

2 h of administration and at discharge （P>0.05）. After 30 and 60 min of administration， the observation group had obviously lower diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure than the control group， and their difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The control group had 4 adverse reaction cases， including 2 dizziness cases and 2 dry mouth and redness face cases， with incidence of adverse reactions as 12.5%， while the observation group had 2 adverse reaction cases， and both were dry mouth and redness face cases， with incidence of adverse reactions as 6.3%. Both groups had no statistically significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions （χ2=0.736， P=0.391>0.05）. Conclusion Urapidil and nicardipine shows similar antihypertensive effects on elderly hypertensive emergencies， and urapidil has a faster antihypertensive effect. Both two drugs have good safety.

【Key words】 Elderly hypertensive emergencies； Urapidil； Nicardipine； Adverse reactions

高血壓急癥指的是急性、嚴(yán)重性血壓升高， 且伴隨進(jìn)行性或急性靶器官損害的疾病， 患者血壓一般為180/120 mm Hg

（1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa）以上[1-3]。該病嚴(yán)重威脅患者身體健康， 若治療不及時(shí)甚至可導(dǎo)致患者生命安全受到威脅。對(duì)于此類患者， 需結(jié)合并發(fā)癥情況及降壓迫切程度選取適當(dāng)降壓藥物處理， 以便盡快緩解病情， 避免出現(xiàn)不可逆的靶器官受endprint

損[4， 5]。目前高血壓急癥的治療藥物種類較多， 選取何種藥物展開(kāi)治療是臨床關(guān)注的重點(diǎn)。為探討有效用藥方案， 本院將64例患者隨機(jī)分組， 分別以烏拉地爾與尼卡地平展開(kāi)治療， 報(bào)告如下。

1 資料與方法

1. 1 一般資料 選取本院2015年5月～2017年3月收治的64例老年高血壓急癥患者， 收縮壓高于180 mm Hg， 舒張壓高于120 mm Hg， 并發(fā)靶器官損害（短暫性腦缺血、心功能不全）。取得患者知情同意后將之隨機(jī)分為觀察組與對(duì)照組， 每組32例。對(duì)照……