陶金鳳+歐梅珍+劉珍媚


【摘要】 目的 探討不同妊娠階段體重管理聯合心理干預對妊娠相關并發癥及結局的影響。
方法 120例產前門診建立孕期檔案孕婦, 根據計算機抽取編號法分為研究組和對照組, 各60例。研究組給予不同妊娠階段體重管理和心理干預, 對照組給予常規產檢和體重管理。比較兩組孕婦體質量指數(BMI)增加百分比、壓力妊娠及分娩相關并發癥情況。結果 研究組第二階段BMI增加百分比為(6.8±1.1)%、第三階段BMI增加百分比為(7.8±1.8)%, 均低于對照組的(9.8±1.3)、(10.3±1.9)%, 差異具有統計學意義(P<0.05)。研究組孕婦壓力低于對照組, 差異具有統計學意義(P<0.05)。研究組孕婦妊娠期高血壓、妊娠期糖尿病、羊水異常、剖宮產、產褥感染發生率低于對照組, 差異具有統計學意義(P<0.05)。研究組胎兒胎兒窘迫、新生兒窒息、巨大兒、低血糖、宮內生長受限發生率低于對照組, 差異具有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論 不同妊娠階段體重管理聯合心理干預能有效控制孕婦體重, 減少妊娠相關并發癥, 改善妊娠結局。
【關鍵詞】 妊娠;體重管理;心理干預;妊娠并發癥
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2018.03.099
【Abstract】 Objective To discuss the effect of weight management combined with psychological intervention on pregnancy-related complications and outcomes in different gestation periods. Methods A total of 120 pregnant women with pregnancy files in prenatal clinic were divided by computer extraction method into research group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. The research group received weight management combined with psychological intervention in different gestation periods, and the control group received conventional examination and weight management. Comparison were made on percentage increase in body mass index (BMI), stress pregnancy and pregnancy-related complications between two groups. Results The research group had second phase BMI increase percentage as (6.8±1.1)% and third phase BMI increase percentage as (7.8±1.8)%, which were all lower than (9.8±1.3)% and (10.3±1.9)% in the control group, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The research group had lower pressure than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The research group had lower incidence of gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, amniotic fluid abnormalities, cesarean section and puerperal infection than the control group, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The research group had lower incidence of fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, macrosomia, hypoglycemia and intrauterine growth restriction than the control group, and their difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Combination of weight management and psychological intervention in different gestation periods can effectively control the weight of pregnant women, reduce the pregnancy-related complications and improve the outcome of pregnancy.
【Key words】 Pregnancy; Weight management; Psychological intervention; Pregnancy-related complicationsendprint
肥胖為妊娠期常見并發癥, 為影響妊娠并發癥及不良妊娠結局獨立危險因素, 管理妊娠期孕期體重和心理, 對減少妊娠和分娩相關并發癥, 保障母嬰安全, 提高分娩質量至關重要[1-3]。本課題根據妊娠不同階段, 制定階段性體重干預策略, 并配合心理干預, 旨在為控制孕婦體重, 減少不良情緒, 改善孕產婦及嬰兒近、遠期妊娠結局, 報告如下。
1 資料與方法
1. 1 一般資料 選取2015年4月~2016年7月本院產前門診建立孕期檔案孕婦120例為研究對象, 根據計算機抽取編號法分為研究組和對照組, 各60例。
1. 2 方法 對照組孕婦進行常規產檢和體重管理。研究組孕婦給予不同妊娠階段體重管理和心理干預, 具體內容如下。
1. 2. 1 第一階段(孕12~16周) ①基線評估(行為階段、行為改變過程、體重增長情況);②發放體重管理手冊、孕期體重增長曲線圖;③護士與孕婦面對面完成初次體重管理干預和心理干預。……