安特施塔斯辦公樓，圣加倫，瑞士

建筑設計：科琳娜·梅恩，馬克·阿曼

Architects: Corinna Menn, Mark Ammann

建筑師科琳娜·梅恩關注的是材料、結構和生活與主體結構相關的特質，以及場地的文化和建筑類型的可能性。在設計中，她的重點在于營造清晰的體系，不僅使建筑師的設計成為最重要的東西，還有建成的體系及其空間效果。

辦公樓的區(qū)域位于一戰(zhàn)前世界領先的紡織品生產廠和倉庫所在的位置。屈耶爾與莫澤、普夫勒加爾德與黑費利等著名瑞士建筑師，以及世界聞名的結構工程師羅貝爾·馬亞爾設計建造了這座建筑。馬亞爾探索了新的混凝土施工方法，并創(chuàng)造出了優(yōu)美的建筑結構。直至今日，這些建筑都是楚楚動人的，并塑造了項目所在地的街道空間。

這個項目的主要思路源于其結構。建筑中所有的作用力都傳到了前后立面上，所以無需內墻或柱子。天花是V形折板結構，因此不用更多的梁，在V形空間的上部還為建筑設備和基礎設施留出了空間。立面上的支撐柱位置越高就越小。每根柱子都需要承載更少的重量。在頂層上是集會空間。回挑的樓板為各邊提供了陽臺的空間。從結構上看，天花改變了它的方向，并將作用力傳到建筑各邊的防火墻上。在這里，結構從短邊轉向長邊。能夠敞開的陽臺是室內空間的終結。這個跨度需要一種連接構造。在內側可以看到不加修飾的做法，而外側覆蓋著保溫層和磚層。

粗野的建筑做法形成了外向性的表達。（尚晉 譯）

1 后側外景/Exterior view from the back side

2 總平面/Site plan

3 立面細部/Detail of facade

4 屋頂露臺/Rooftop terrace

5 屋頂及公共空間/Roof and public space

項目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: ASGA養(yǎng)老基金會/ASGA Pension Fund

結構工程/Structural Engineer: Andrea Pedrazzini (Ingegneri Pedrazzini Guidotti), Lugano in collaboration with Borgogno Eggenberger

施工/Construction: 2014-2017

攝影/Photos: Roger Frei

The architect Corinna Menn focuses on the essence of material, structure and living in relation to the main structure and the cultural and typological possibilities of the site. In her designs she is interested to build up clear systems where not the design of the architect is the main important thing,but the built up system and it's spatial achievements.

The office building is situated where previously world leading textile producers around before the First World War had their production and storage. Leading Swiss architects like Curjel & Moser or Pfleghard &Haefeli and engineers like the world leading structural engineer Robert Maillart designed and constructed the buildings. Maillart experimented with new construction methods for concrete and developed elegant building structures. Still today these structures are elegant and impressive and those buildings shape the street where the project is situated.

The main idea of the project comes from the structure. All building forces are brought down at the front and the back facade. Therefore no inner walls or columns are necessary. The ceiling is in a V shape folded plate structure. Therefore no further beams are necessary and in the upper part of the V space give space for building equipment and infrastructure. The supporting columns on the facade get smaller the higher it is situated. Each column needs to carry less weight. On the top floor are meeting spaces. The floor springs back to give space for a sun terrace on each side. Structurally the celling changes its direction and brings its forces to the fire protecting walls on each side of the building.Here the structure changes from the short side spanning to the long side. The possibility to open to the terrace gives the inner space a completion. For the spanning a bridge construction was necessary.On the inside the raw construction is visible and on the outside covered with layer insulation and bricks.

The essence of the raw building construction gives the expression towards the outside.

6 立面構造/Facade construction

7 剖面構造/Section construction

8 辦公層平面/Normal office floor plan

9 入口層/Entrance floor

10 公共屋頂露臺/Public roof terrace

11 地下一層平面/Floor B1 plan

12 縱剖面/Longitudinal section

13 折疊屋頂原理示意/Principle section of folded ceiling

評論

白晨：柱子和相應的外飾面砌體，每層收窄一塊磚的寬度，繼承了相鄰建筑的傳統結構語言：以截面逐層變小取得穩(wěn)定性。

建筑兩個短邊盡頭以混凝土核心筒保證建筑整體的剛度。核心筒在屋頂上支撐的長向主梁，似乎是整體結構的關鍵。

平面大空間的短向沒用梁，而用折板跨過，把空間解釋為連續(xù)而重復的傳統神廟式截面。

室內的架空地面，改變了折板的表面，回應人們行動的需求，和現代設備的需求。

胡恒：這是非常優(yōu)異的辦公樓設計。一個核心元素的設定，就將整個建筑“解決”掉。這是我心儀的設計方法。折板樓板是設計的核心，它既創(chuàng)造了室內如海浪般的波形屋頂空間，又順便將外立面搞定。設計邏輯之嚴密通暢，令人嘆服。結構、空間、材料、細部融為一體，其內在的自恰性甚至發(fā)散到戶外，讓它在街道上都能表現不凡。不過對我來說，這個設計最值得稱道的是折板樓板的巨大尺度，以及它在結構與空間上的二合一。在辦公樓這類單元重復的建筑（還有集合住宅）里，如何施以大尺度的結構／空間元素，是一項大師的專屬課題。而在這個辦公樓里，如果室內隔墻都不到頂，屋面保持完整性，那么它就可以躋身“大師作品”的行列了。

14 辦公空間/Office space

15 施工中的辦公空間：混凝土折疊屋面及地面/Office space during construction: Folded ceiling/floor in concrete

16 施工中的公共露臺/Construction of the public terrase on the top

17 位于地下室的走廊/Corridor in the lower part of the basement

18 樓梯間/Staircase

Comments

BAI Chen: The width of columns, together with the exterior finish bricks, is reduced of one brick length on each level. This is coherent with the traditional structural language of buildings nearby, i.e. to gain stability by the reduction of sectional area.

The two cores are located at the ends of the building,apparently to ensure the rigidity of the whole building.The longitudinal structural beams on the roof, supported by the cores, seem to be the key of the entire structure.

There are no beams in the grand interior space.Instead, the V shape folded plate ceilings transformed the interior space into continuous and repetitive sections reminiscent of traditional temples. The resulting raised floors also changed the folded surface of this structure, responding to the needs of human activities, as well as the installation of modern equipment. (Translated by WANG Xinxin)

HU Heng: This is an excellent office building design:the core element contributes to the design of the entire building. This is my favourite design approach.The folded plate structure is the central to the design.Not only does it create a wavelike indoor rooftop,it also serves as an exterior facade. The logic of the design remains tight and clear, which is impressive.The structure, the space, materials and details have all been integrated into the design. This sense of selfconsistency has even spread to outdoor area, allowing it to stand out on the street. From my perspective,however, the most impressive part of the design is the large scale of the folded plate structure, as well as its ability to combine the structure with space. In architecture projects with repeated units, such as office buildings or amalgamated dwellings, creating a large scale of structure/space has become a topic exclusive to great masters. This office building design could have been a "masterpiece" if its indoor partition walls did not reach the roof and the roof surfaces maintained integrity. (Translated by Dandan Wang)