李小甌
摘 要:隨著我國新課程改革的不斷深化,為更好落實素質教育理念,各省份在高考題型上也有了相應的調整。其中浙江省的高考英語從2016年10月以來啟用了新的考試題型,變化較大,最引人注目的是將傳統的寫作題型分為兩個部分,即應用文和讀后續寫或概要寫作。本文關注的是讀后續寫題,并將結合2017年6月的浙江省高考真題進行分析和范例點評。
關鍵詞:高考;英語;讀后續寫;試題分析;范例點評
英語讀后續寫題是向考生提供一篇350詞左右的短文,考生根據短文的內容和給出的兩個段首句續寫后續部分,使之構成一個完整的故事。該題型要求考生在閱讀時不僅要讀懂字面含義,還要理清文章的脈絡關系。在續寫時,合理聯想并構思故事的發展進程、前因后果、場景變化、人物特征和情感等,并用英語表達出來。同時,在組織語言時,必須使用5個以上的關鍵詞。該題型對學生英語綜合素質的要求很高,所以教師應認真做好高考真題的分析及范例點評。
一、英語讀后續寫試題分析
2017年6月浙江省高考真題中讀后續寫部分講述的是這樣一個故事:Mac Hollan與兩個朋友外出騎行,但在途中朋友的自行車壞了,要留下來修理,他們鼓勵Mac自己先騎。不幸的是,Mac在前往目的地的路上遭遇了狼并受到了攻擊。他用噴霧一次次地趕走了狼,但狼仍窮追不舍。這時一輛目睹了一切的轎車正好經過,Mac趕忙停下來想尋求幫助。文章是以“He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast,just a dozen yards away now”為結束語的。通過短文內容分析可以發現,文中共提到五個人物,主人公是Mac Hollan,兩個朋友和兩個路人Paul and Becky;涉及的場景有home,car;主要發生的行為有climb,jumped;提及的物件有wolf,bicycle。這些關鍵信息要應用到后續續寫內容中。
續寫部分設置了兩個段首句,第一段是“The car abruptly stopped in front of him”,考生應抓住關鍵信息the car stopped,對車停后Mac如何擺脫惡狼從而獲救加以描寫,力求寫出千鈞一發的緊迫感,同時還要合乎情理。第二段是“A few minutes later,the other two cyclists arrived”。該句承上啟下,需要考生展開聯想,朋友到了之后會發生什么,Mac又會有何感想,在續寫中加以提煉升華。
二、英語讀后續寫范例點評
Paragraph 1:
The car abruptly stopped in front of him. Mac crashed into the car with a loud bang.As a result,he fell off the bicycle and had his left ankle twisted. Hardly had Mac stood up when the wolf arrived and was about to launch another attack.Mac was going to die when suddenly the wolf was hit right on the head by a piece of rock.The wolf fell back,howling with pain.It was Paul who did this.Becky helped Mac climb into the car,while Paul kept shouting and throwing stones at the wolf.
Paragraph 2:
A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived. They were shocked at what they saw and joined Paul.One of Macs friends picked out some raw meat and threw it to the wolf. Satisfied with what he got,the wolf ran into the woods. Mac thanked Paul and Becky,“How grateful I am that you stopped to save me and I owe it to you that Im still alive.” As Mac got injured,the three men had to give up the rest of their journey and returned home.
這篇續寫內容與短文的契合度較高,人物角度定位準確,與段首句的銜接自然流暢。語言運用上,動詞描寫特別準確到位,如Mac撞上汽車并摔倒用了crashed into,fell off,狼想發起攻擊用了launch another attack,狼被擊打用了was hit right on the head,狼的吼叫用了howling,Mac受傷后千方百計地想爬進車里用了climb into;語法運用上,用了had...twisted,hardly...when...,it was...who...等高級句型和結構,豐富了語言。但在邏輯上,“One of Macs friends picked out some raw meat and threw it to the wolf”這句存在一些問題,應交代下生肉是哪里來的。但總體而言,該續寫邏輯清晰,表達準確,并應用到了6個關鍵詞,是一篇優秀的習作。
三、結束語
通過上面的試題分析及案例點評可以看出讀后續寫題型既考查學生對所學語言知識的運用能力,又考查學生的發散思維能力和創造力,是對傳統作文題型的升級。該題型能全面地考核學生的英語綜合能力,應廣泛地推廣到全國高考中。
參考文獻
[1]趙海萍,劉繼華.2017年6月浙江省高考英語讀后續寫試題分析及范例點評[J].作文新天地(高中版),2017,33(09):54-64.