彭再高 尹小波



摘 要:本文主要研究長沙地鐵3號線盾構施工法引起的地表沉降規律,并探討盾構施工法引發地表沉降的主要控制因素,得出長沙地鐵盾構法施工的地表沉降的典型特點。結果顯示:雅長區間的地表不均勻沉降主要發生在盾構區間的首段和尾段。因此,長沙地鐵盾構施工過程中應積極采取相應的工程措施,優化設計方案,防止水巖相互作用而導致的涌水涌沙,合理設置土倉平衡壓力,配置渣土改良系統,提高土倉中砂卵石土的流塑性和止水性。
關鍵詞:盾構施工;地表隆陷;控制
中圖分類號:U455.43 文獻標識碼:A 文章編號:1003-5168(2018)07-0124-03
Analysis and Control Factors of Surface Subsidence Caused by
Shield Construction Method on Changsha Metro Line 3
PENG Zaigao1,2 YIN Xiaobo1,2
(1.School of Earth Science and Information Physics, Central South University,Changsha Hunan 410083;2. Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring(Central South University), Ministry of Education,Changsha Hunan 410083)
Abstract: This paper mainly studied the ground subsidence law caused by the shield construction method of Changsha Metro Line 3, and discussed the main control factors of the ground subsidence caused by the shield construction method, and drawed the typical characteristics of the ground settlement of the shield construction method in Changsha subway. The results showed that the uneven settlement of the surface mainly occured in the first and the end of the shield interval. Therefore, in the course of the construction of Changsha metro shield, the corresponding engineering measures should be taken actively to optimize the design scheme, prevent water and rock interaction caused by water gushing and sand flow, set the balance pressure of the soil bin reasonably, configure the residual soil improvement system, and improve the flow plasticity and water stop of the sand gravel soil in the soil bin.
Keywords: shield construction;ground subsidence;control
1 研究背景
地鐵施工引起的地表沉降問題一直以來都是工程界非常重視的問題。對地表沉降的監測和控制是保證地鐵施工安全的重要手段。進行監測的目的是對施工所引起的地表沉降進行控制,為地鐵盾構施工提供指導。地鐵施工引起地表沉降的根本原因是施工對周圍土體的擾動。盾構推進過程中產生的地面變形由以下五個部分組成:①盾構到達前的地面變形,主要是由于土體受擠壓其有效應力增加而引起的;②盾構機到達時的地面變形,主要是由于盾構推進引起土體應力狀態改變而產生的變形;③盾構機通過時的地面變形,是由盾構機與土體間產生的剪切應力使地面變形變大引起的;④盾構通過后的瞬時地面變形,主要由建筑空隙造成的;⑤地表后期固結變形,主要由盾構推進對周圍土體擾動引起的[1]。……