吳煥章 陳煥麗 張曉靜 郭趙娟 陳亞偉 謝鵬祺
摘 要: ‘鄭商薯10號是從‘費烏瑞它變異株系后代選育而成的馬鈴薯新品種。該品種早熟,生長勢強,春播生育期60~66 d。薯塊長橢圓形,黃皮黃肉,薯皮光滑,芽眼淺,單株薯塊3.3~3.8個,單株質量420.0 g,商品薯率88.4%。2013年參加河南省馬鈴薯生產試驗,667 m2平均產量為1 999 kg,較對照‘鄭薯5號增產9.9%。品質優,干物質含量(w,后同)16.9%,淀粉含量12.1%,蛋白質含量1.86%,100 g鮮薯維生素C含量25.6 mg,還原糖含量0.06%。田間表現抗卷葉病毒病、花葉病毒病、晚疫病、早疫病和環腐病。屬鮮食品種,適合河南二季作區和一季作區早熟栽培。2014年通過河南省農作物品種審定委員會審定。
關鍵詞: 馬鈴薯; 新品種; ‘鄭商薯10號
A new potato variety ‘Zhengshangshu No. 10
WU Huanzhang1, CHEN Huanli1, ZHANG Xiaojing1, GUO Zhaojuan1, CHEN Yawei2, XIE Pengqi1
(Zhengzhou Vegetable Institute, Zhengzhou 450015, Henan, China; Shangqiu Godden Soil Pomato Research Institute, Shangqiu 476100, Henan, China)
Abstract:‘Zhengshangshu No. 10 is a new potato variety selected from the offspring of ‘Favorita mutant strain. Its plant grows vigorously, it is an early maturity variety with 60-66 days development period in spring. The potato tuber is long elliptic shaped with yellow skin, yellow flesh and shallow eyes. Tuber number of per plan is 3.3-3.8, yield of per plan is 420 g, and commodity potato rate is 88.4%. The potato tuber is composed of 16.9% dry matter content, 12.1% starch content, 25.6 mg·100 g-1 Vitamin C, 1.86% protein, 0.06% reducing sugar. It is relatively resistant to leaf curt virus disease, later blight, early blight and ring rot. The potato tuber can be used for fresh eating which is suitable for cultivation in spring and autumn in Henan, or early cultivation in spring in a season for area. The yield of ‘Zhengshangshu No. 10(1 999 kg per 667 m2) in production trials of 2013 in Henan province was 9.9% higher than the control variety ‘Zhengshu No. 5.
Key words:Potato; New variety; ‘Zhenshangshu No. 10
1 育種目標
在中國,馬鈴薯是僅次于水稻、玉米、小麥的第四大糧食作物,為糧、菜兼用和工業原料作物,近年來我國馬鈴薯種植面積得到迅猛發展,種植面積已超過500萬hm2[1-2]。河南省馬鈴薯生產,除西部山區為一季作生產外,大部分地區為二季作生產,春季主要為商品薯生產,露地栽培在2月中下旬至3月中上旬播種,5月下旬至6月中旬收獲,此時正是我國南、北方鮮食薯缺乏的時間,種植效益高。秋季露地馬鈴薯一般在8月中下旬播種,11月中下旬收獲,如果氣候條件適宜,植株長勢好,可適當延長生長時間。由于河南省氣候條件特殊,春季前期溫度低,后期升溫快, 而后期高溫不利于馬鈴薯塊莖膨大,因此在品種選擇上,適宜早熟品種栽培。目前,黃皮黃肉馬鈴薯品種仍然是鮮食的主要栽培品種,如‘鄭薯6號‘鄭薯7號等品種,而外來品種在河南省難以適應,單產水平和經濟效益較低,適合的品種資源缺乏[2-4]。……