以與時俱進的精神做好十九大報告的英文翻譯（六）

文/陳明明

把中文內在含義明確表述出來

7.文明

“文明”一詞多義，粘貼性極強，可任意搭配，但翻譯中往往機械譯為civilization，不僅詞不達意，而且造成極大混亂。此次十九大翻譯對此進行了徹底整頓，根據語境不同用不同表述翻譯。

吸收人類文明有益成果。

We should draw on the achievements of other civilizations. （此為傳統意義上的“文明”譯法）

以文明交流超越文明隔閡、文明互鑒超越文明沖突、文明共存超越文明優越。

In handling relations among civilizations, let us replace estrangement with exchange, clashes with mutual learning, and superiority with coexistence.（同上）

群眾性精神文明創建活動扎實開展。

Initiatives to improve public etiquette and ethical standards have proved successful.（把“群眾性精神文明創建活動”譯成initiatives to improve public etiquette and ethical standards是一個突破，非常到位）

大力度推進生態文明建設。

We have devoted serious energy to ecological conservation.

社會文明水平尚需提高。

The level of civic-mindedness needs further improvement.（此處將“文明”譯為civic-mindedness非常到位）

社會文明程度達到新的高度。

Social etiquette and civility are signi fi cantly enhanced.（畫線部分譯得很好）

堅定走生產發展、生活富裕、生態良好的文明發展道路

We must pursue a model of sustainable development featuring increased production, higher living standards, and healthy ecosystems.（“文明發展道路”譯為a model of sustainable development）

促進和而不同、兼收并蓄的文明交流

boost cross-cultural exchanges characterized by harmony within diversity,inclusiveness, and mutual learning（此處“文明交流”譯為cross-cultural exchanges，按“文化交流”譯）

我國物質文明、政治文明、精神文明、社會文明、生態文明將全面提升。

New heights are reached in every dimension of material, political, cultural and ethical, social, and ecological advancement.（此處“五個文明”都用advancement表示）

為人類政治文明進步作出充滿中國智慧的貢獻

make China’s contribution to the political advancement of mankind

推動社會主義精神文明和物質文明協調發展

both promote socialist material wellbeing and raise socialist cultural-ethical standards

精神文明創建

efforts to raise cultural-ethical standards

要提高人民思想覺悟、道德水準、文明素養，提高全社會文明程度。

We will help our people raise their political awareness and moral standards,foster appreciation of fi ne culture, and enhance social etiquette and civility.

嚴格規范公正文明執法

see that law is enforced in a strict, procedure-based, impartial, and nonabusive way（此處“文明”不能用civilized way）

8.創新

十九大報告中“創新”出現頻率很高，innovate主要指技術創新，不能一見“創新”就譯成innovate，要根據語境分別處理，在政治、社會語境下均不用innovate，可用explore new ground/new ways、make explorations、develop等。

創新驅動發展戰略

the innovation-driven development strategy

躋身創新型國家前列

become a global leader in innovation

全社會發展活力和創新活力明顯增強。

Throughout society, development is full of vitality and is driven by greater creativity.（未用 innovation）

民族宗教工作創新推進。

New approaches have been adopted for work related to ethnic and religious affairs.

黨的理論創新全面推進。

We have explored new ground in advancing Party related theories.

實踐沒有止境，理論創新也沒有止境。

Just as there are no bounds to practice, there is no end to theoretical exploration.

推進理論創新、實踐創新、制度創新、文化創新以及其他各方面創新

advance our theoretical, practical, institutional, cultural, and other explorations

轉變政府職能，深化簡政放權，創新監管方式，增強政府公信力和執行力，建設人民滿意的服務型政府。

The government needs to transform its functions, further streamline administration and delegate powers, develop new ways of regulation and supervision,and strengthen its credibility and administrative capacity, building itself into a service-oriented government able to satisfy the needs of the people.（在此語境下要特別注意，不能用innovation）

深入挖掘中華優秀傳統文化蘊含的思想觀念、人文精神、道德規范，結合時代要求繼承創新。

We will draw on China’s fi ne traditional culture, keep alive and develop its vision, concepts, values, and moral norms, and do so in a way that responds to the call of our era.

創新社會治理

develop new approaches to social governance

堅持戰略思維、創新思維、辯證思維、法治思維、底線思維。

We should have strategic perspectives, develop creative thinking and a dialectical approach to thinking; we should think in terms of the rule of law, and think about worst-case scenarios.

增強改革創新本領。

We should be good reformers and pioneers.

全黨同志一定要登高望遠、居安思危，勇于變革、勇于創新，永不僵化、永不停滯。

All comrades must aim high and look far, be alert to dangers even in times of calm, have the courage to pursue reform and break new ground, and never become hardened to change or inactive.

9.大國、強國

推動建設學習大國

nurture a love of learning in our people

推進體育強國建設

build China into a country strong on sports

人才強國戰略

the strategy on developing a quality workforce

加快建設人才強國

step up efforts to make China a talent-strong country

建設制造強國

build China into a manufacturer of quality

推進貿易強國建設

turn China into a trader of quality

創新型國家建設成果豐碩。

We have seen much accomplished toward making China a country of innovators.

為建設科技強國、質量強國、航天強國、網絡強國、交通強國、數字中國、智慧社會提供有力支撐

provide powerful support for building China’s strength in science and technology, product quality, aerospace, cyberspace, and transportation; and for building a digital China and a smart society

10.大局

必須統籌國內國際兩個大局。

We must keep in mind both our internal and international imperatives.（以前譯為 keep in mind the domestic and international situations） □