語法填空原創題兩篇

黃華　林浩

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。

（一）

Some researchers say that 1 （compare）with non-coffee drinkers， people who drank about three cups of coffee a day appeared 2 （reduce） their risk of getting heart problems or dying from them. The strongest benefits of coffee consumption

3 （see）in reduced risks of liver disease， 4 （include）cancer. 5 Prof Paul Roderick said the review could not say if coffee intake had made the 6 （different）. “Factors such as age， whether people smoked or not and how much exercise they took could all have had an effect. There is

7 balance of risks in life， and the benefits of moderate consumption of coffee seem to outweigh the risks，”he said. The NHS 8 （recommend） pregnant women have no more than 200mg of caffeine a day - two cups of instant coffee — because too much can increase the risk of miscarriage. This review suggests women 9 risk of fractures（骨折）should also cut back on coffee. For other adults， moderate caffeine intake equates to 400mg or less per day — or three to four cups. The researchers say coffee drinkers should stick to“healthy coffees”， 10 avoid extra sugar， milk or cream， or a fatty snack on the side.

（二）

A few years ago， Adina Lichtman was handing out sandwiches on the streets of New York City to help people experiencing homelessness. One man， grateful 1 the sandwich， approached her and offered some 2 （surprise）insight.

“Its great that youre giving out sandwiches，”he said， “but one thing we 3 （real） need is socks， especially as winter approaches.”

“Here I was， 4 （sandwich） in hand， assuming I knew the best way 5 （help） people， when in reality， helping is about listening， and hearing the needs of different communities，” Lichtman said. “It was 6 powerful lesson， and I wanted to put it into action.”

She 7 （begin）that night， with a simple step： going door-to-door on the floor of her dormitory at New York University， asking fellow classmates 8 they could each just donate just one pair of 9 （they）own socks to someone experiencing homelessness.

She got 40 pairs of socks in a single night， from a single floor. The next morning she opened her door to find a huge pile of socks that other people 10 （donate）.

答案與解析

（一）本文作者闡述了研究者的發現：每天喝三杯咖啡有益健康。

1. compared 因people與compared是被動關系，用過去分詞短語作狀語。

2. to reduce因appear to do 意思是“似乎做了某事”。

3. were seen句中benefits和see是被動關系，用過去時的被動語態。

4. including表示“包含”，也可將including看作介詞。

5. But該句與上句為轉折關系，用but。

6. difference在the后面應接名詞，用difference。

7. a因balance是可數名詞單數，用a 。

8. recommends 因The NHS（英國國民健康保險體系）為第三人稱單數，時態為一般現在時，用recommends。

9. at因at risk of是固定搭配，意思是“有……的危險”。

10. which 引導定語從句，先行詞是healthy coffees。

（二）一個叫Adina Lichtman的女生在路上給流浪漢派發三明治。在得到一個流浪漢的提醒后，她意識到流浪漢真正需要的是襪子。她努力收集襪子去捐助給流浪漢并從中學到了一個道理：只有認真聆聽，才能了解別人的真正需求。

1. for 由be grateful for sth（對某事物感激）可知，填 for。

2. surprising修飾名詞insight，需用形容詞；形容事物的性質，表示“令人驚奇的”，故填surprising。

3. really 修飾動詞need作狀語，用副詞，故填really。

4. sandwiches 因作者是去派發三明治，按常識手里不止一個，故用復數。

5. to help 句中已有謂語knew，故help應為非謂語動詞；在the way后作定語，用不定式to help。

6. a 意思為“一個”強大的教訓，故填a。

7. began 因主語she與謂語動詞begin之間是主動關系；且根據前后語境可知事情發生在過去，要用一般過去時，故填began。

8. if/whether 因they could each just... 做asking... 引導的賓語從句，根據句意邏輯關系，應填表示“是否”的if或whether。

9. their 在名詞books前作定語，表示“他們的”，用they的形容詞性物主代詞their。

10. had donated 因主語people與謂語動詞donate之間是主動關系；且根據語境“捐助donate”發生在opened之前，故填had donated。

責任編輯 蔣小青