基于Bookmetrix的G20國家圖書影響力比較研究

楊思洛 邢欣 鄭夢(mèng)雪

摘 要：[目的/意義]對(duì)比分析G20國家圖書影響力的現(xiàn)狀，為我國提升圖書國際影響力提供借鑒。[方法/過程]選擇Springer收錄的5個(gè)學(xué)科（化學(xué)、工程、醫(yī)學(xué)、法律、歷史）圖書為樣本，以Bookmetrix為數(shù)據(jù)源，在討論指標(biāo)覆蓋率與相關(guān)性的基礎(chǔ)上，從圖書的產(chǎn)出數(shù)量、5類指標(biāo)（下載量、引用量、提及量、讀者量及評(píng)論量）以及合著關(guān)系3個(gè)方面展開比較分析。[結(jié)果/結(jié)論]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：1）在指標(biāo)覆蓋率和相關(guān)性方面，整體情況與中、美、德等國家層面的表現(xiàn)類似。體現(xiàn)為圖書的下載量覆蓋率最高，讀者量和引用量相關(guān)性值較高且穩(wěn)定。2）中國的國際圖書產(chǎn)出量與德國、美國、英國存在較大差距，但在指標(biāo)均值、綜合排名方面表現(xiàn)良好。3）在G20國家圖書合著網(wǎng)絡(luò)中，人文社科類圖書國際合作強(qiáng)度明顯低于理工類學(xué)科;美國、德國具有較高的科研合作實(shí)力與影響力;中國的國際合作具有一定基礎(chǔ)，但整體影響力作用并不突出。

關(guān)鍵詞：圖書;影響力;Bookmetrix;G20

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1008-0821.2019.07.018

〔中圖分類號(hào)〕G250.252 〔文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼〕A 〔文章編號(hào)〕1008-0821（2019）07-0143-10

Abstract：[Purpose/Significance]This paper made a comparative analysis of the current situation of book influence in G20，and provided a reference for China to enhance the international influence of books.[Method/Process]This study selected the five subject books included in Springer as samples，which were chemistry，engineering，medicine，law and history，and used Bookmetrix as the data source of influence indicators.On the basis of discussing indicator coverage and correlation，this study made a comparative analysis of the similarities and differences of book influence in G20 from the following three aspects：the output of the book，the five types of indicators，which included downloads，citations，mentions，readers，and reviews，and the co-authorship relationship.[Result/Conclusion]The study found：①The coverage and correlation of the overall book indicators were similar to those of China，the United States，and Germany.The coverage of downloads was the highest，and the correlation between the readers and citations was high and stable.②Compared with Germany，the United States，and the United Kingdom，there was still a significant gap in the number of international books produced in China.However，China had performed well in terms of the average value of indicators and total ranking.③In the book co-authoring network of G20，the international cooperation intensity of humanities and social science books was significantly lower than that of science and engineering disciplines.The United States and Germany had high scientific research cooperation strength and influence.The international cooperation of China had a certain foundation，but the overall influence was not prominent.

Key words：book;influence;bookmetrix;G20

隨著全球化進(jìn)程發(fā)展，各國學(xué)者競(jìng)相出版國際科研成果，以期提高自身及國家的科技地位和影響力。在此環(huán)境下，2017年我國國際科技論文總量相比2012年增長70%，居世界第二;同時(shí)被引量首次超過德國、英國，躍居世界第二[1]。可見，中國科技論文的產(chǎn)出與影響力在世界范圍已具有舉足輕重的地位，也因此備受學(xué)者與社會(huì)各界的關(guān)注。相較之下，學(xué)術(shù)圖書作為科研成果的重要形式之一，其價(jià)值與影響力卻缺乏足夠的評(píng)價(jià)研究。在社交媒體與數(shù)字出版發(fā)展的新環(huán)境下，如何全面評(píng)價(jià)圖書影響力顯得尤為重要。傳統(tǒng)的同行專家評(píng)議與引文分析等方法，雖有一定的可取之處，但無法綜合反映圖書影響力。而2010年Altmetrics的提出，為成果影響力評(píng)價(jià)提供了新的視角和方法[2-3]，相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)方法，Altmetrics表現(xiàn)出了全員可參與、數(shù)據(jù)來源廣泛、評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果及時(shí)全面、評(píng)價(jià)方法經(jīng)濟(jì)、操作性強(qiáng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。