崔天麗 姜常松 楊錦忠 崔日鮮



摘要 利用1961—2015年山東省17個氣象站點和山東省周邊12個氣象站點的日平均氣溫資料和該區域的DEM(數字高程模型)數據,采用混合插值方法和線性傾向估計方法,對山東省≥0 ℃初、終日、持續日數和積溫的時空變化特征進行分析。結果表明,山東省≥0 ℃初日的空間分布呈現南部早、北部晚、山區早和平原地區晚的特征;≥0 ℃終日的空間分布呈現南部、沿海地區晚和中部、北部地區早的特征;≥0 ℃持續時間的空間分布為南部、沿海地區長,中部山區、內陸及北部地區短;≥0 ℃積溫空間分布特征為由西南向東北逐漸降低。近55年來山東省17個氣象站≥0 ℃初日均呈現提前趨勢,平均氣候傾向率為2.74 d/10 a,且除煙臺外,其他站點的提前趨勢均達到顯著水平;≥0 ℃終日的變化未呈現明顯的規律,且所有站點的變化趨勢均未達到顯著水平;≥0 ℃持續時間和積溫均呈現增加趨勢,其氣候傾向率分別為4.33 d/10 a和65.86(℃·d)/10 a,且除菏澤、兗州、日照、青島、煙臺和威海的≥0 ℃持續時間的變化未達到顯著水平外,其余站點≥0 ℃持續時間和積溫的變化趨勢均達到顯著水平。
關鍵詞 ≥0 ℃熱量資源;GIS;空間分布;變化趨勢;山東省
中圖分類號 S162文獻標識碼 A
文章編號 0517-6611(2019)13-0211-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2019.13.064
開放科學(資源服務)標識碼(OSID):
Analysis of Spatiotemporal Variation Characteristics of Heat Resources at above 0 ℃ in Shandong Province Based on GIS
Abstract The daily average temperature data from 17 meteorological stations in Shandong Province and 12 meteorological stations around Shandong Province from 1961 to 2015, and the digital elevation model (DEM) data were used to analyze the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of heat resources of above 0 ℃ in Shandong Province. A combination of the multilinear regression analysis and the inverse distance weighted method was used to analyze the spatial distributions of heat resources of above 0 ℃. The method of linear regression was used to identify the presence of trends of heat resources of above 0 ℃. The results showed that: The spatial distribution of the beginning date of above 0 ℃ was come early in the south and the coastal areas, but late in the north and the inland areas of Shandong Province. The spatial distribution of the ending date of above 0 ℃ was come late in the south and the coastal areas, but early in the middle and the north of Shandong Province. The duration of above 0 ℃ was longer in the south and the costal than in the north and the mountainous area of the central of Shandong Province. The spatial distribution of the accumulated temperature of above 0 ℃ was high in the southwest areas and low in the northeast areas in Shandong Province. During the past 55 years, the time series of the beginning date of above 0 ℃ showed negative trends for 17 meteorological stations with the average rate of -2.74 d/10 a, and except for Yantai station, the advance trend of other stations reached a significant level.The time series of the ending date of above 0 ℃ did not show obvious regularity, and the trend of change of all stations did not reach a significant level.Both the duration and accumulated temperature above 0 ℃ showed an increasing trend, and their climatic tendency rates were 4.33 d/10 a and 65.86 (℃·d)/10 a, respectively,and except for the changes of the duration above 0 ℃ in Heze, Yanzhou, Rizhao, Qingdao, Yantai and Weihai did not reach a significant level,the change trend of the duration and the accumulated temperature above 0 ℃ in other sites reached a significant level.
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