王思雅 左群 劉朝陽 皮海廷 李寧



摘 要:[目標]本文以分離并獲得具有Cr(VI)耐受、還原能力的微生物為目標,[方法]從受污染土壤提取液中富集Cr(Ⅵ)耐受菌株,并對其進行分離、鑒定。[結果]實驗共篩選出四株具有Cr(VI)耐受、還原菌株,其中2株菌株的Cr(VI)耐受能力較好,W1菌株和W3菌株。這兩株菌株均能在鉻濃度為100mg/L的培養液中生存,且具有一定的還原Cr的能力。[意義]這兩株菌株的篩選、分離與鑒定豐富了處理鉻污染微生物的生物資料,對微生物處理重金屬污染具有重大意義。
關鍵詞:鉻污染;耐受菌;篩選;鑒定
Screening,Isolation And Identification of Microorganisms With Chromium Tolerance
Wang Siya1 Zuo Qun2 Liu Chaoyang 1 Pi Haiting2 Li Ning1*
1.School of water conservancy and environment HubeiYichang 443002;
2.College of biology and pharmacy,three gorges university HubeiYichang 443002
Abstract:This paper separation,screening and identification of microorganisms capable of strong resistance to chromium target.By the extract of contaminated soil Cr(Ⅵ)strains screened tolerance,and carries on the separation,Enrichment and detection of PCR.[results]a total of four tolerant strains were screened out in the experiment,but two of them were in poor growth condition,so only the W1 strains and W3 strains with good growth condition were retained.These two strains can survive in the culture solution with chromium concentration of 100mg/L.[Significance]The screening,isolation and identification of these two strains greatly enriched the biological data for treating chromium contaminated microorganisms,which was of great significance for microbial treatment of heavy metal pollution.
Key words:chromium pollution;tolerance;screening;appraisal
如今隨著人們在生產生活中的快速發展,重金屬Cr的污染源逐漸增多,Cr污染土地面積持續擴大,土壤Cr含量也持續增高。[1]調查報告顯示,全國土壤總污染超標率為16.1%,其中Cr(Ⅵ)污染超標率已達1.1%,處于無機污染物點位超標率的前八位,污染范圍較大。[2]
重金屬Cr污染對人類社會有著嚴重的不良影響。土壤中過多的重金屬進入農作物種會富集在農作物中,影響農作物的品質。同時,Cr(Ⅵ)為一種吸入性和吞入性毒物,生物富集性強,可以導致過敏、甚至遺傳性基因受損,是世界癌癥協會確認的重要致癌物質,[3]對人類生命安全有著巨大威脅。因此,Cr污染已經成為急需解決的問題。
近年來,我國土壤重金屬污染問題逐漸顯現,人們對于處理土壤重金屬污染的方法也愈加關注。傳統的Cr處理方法占地面積大、成本高且容易引發二次污染。
目前,有一些 Cr(Ⅵ)還原菌已經被分離出來,如Leucobacter sp.CRBl,可以在 38h 內完全還原 1820mg·L-1的Cr(Ⅵ)。……