易勤 歐嵬 劉威 胡姣



摘? 要: 針對(duì)現(xiàn)有慈善組織存在的公信力不足、便捷性低,以及善款流向不透明、集中式服務(wù)器易出錯(cuò)和工作效率低等問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)的慈善募捐系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)利用區(qū)塊鏈的信息公開(kāi)和數(shù)據(jù)可追溯,讓所有參與者共同記賬,并對(duì)物資、資金流通進(jìn)行監(jiān)管,且不收取任何費(fèi)用,直接將物資、善款交至求助者手中。與現(xiàn)有慈善系統(tǒng)相比,該系統(tǒng)能及時(shí)、高效地對(duì)需要幫助的人施以援手,同時(shí)能夠隨時(shí)、便捷地監(jiān)管捐贈(zèng)物資和款項(xiàng)。
關(guān)鍵詞: 慈善; 區(qū)塊鏈; 分布式賬本; 共識(shí)機(jī)制; 智能合約
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):TP393? ? ? ? ? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A? ? 文章編號(hào):1006-8228(2020)02-62-05
Research and implementation of a charity system based on blockchain
Yi Qin, Ou Wei, Liu Wei, Hu Jiao
(Department of Electronic and Information Engineering , Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China)
Abstract: Aiming at the problems existing in charitable organizations, such as lack of credibility, low convenience, opaque flow of money, centralized servers errors and low efficiency, a charity system based on blockchain technologies is designed. In this system, information disclosure and data traceability of blockchain technologies are used to allow all participants to keep accounts together and supervise materials and funds without any fees, so that the materials and funds can be directly handed over to the help-seekers. Compared with the existing charity systems, this system can efficiently help the people in time, and it also can conveniently monitor the materials and funds at any time.
Key words: charity; blockchain; distributed ledger; consensus mechanism; smart contract
0 引言
中國(guó)的慈善思想源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng),隨著全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的推進(jìn),慈善事業(yè)在社會(huì)救助領(lǐng)域迅速發(fā)展并取得初步成就。慈善事業(yè)受到人們關(guān)注的同時(shí),也面臨著信任危機(jī):①善款流向不透明,監(jiān)管力度不夠,社會(huì)公信力低[1];②集中式服務(wù)器出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,存在為謀私利而進(jìn)行篡改信息的可能[2];③政府行政干預(yù)過(guò)大[3]。事實(shí)證明,在巨大災(zāi)難面前,民間機(jī)構(gòu)的反應(yīng)速度是最快的[4]。因此,對(duì)慈善系統(tǒng)的研究成為熱點(diǎn)。
本文利用區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)提出了一種新的慈善模式,并基于該模式搭建了一個(gè)慈善募捐系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)采用分布式架構(gòu),在政府的合理管理之下,將每筆慈善捐款的信息完全公開(kāi),并致力于利用區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)改善當(dāng)前慈善事業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀,提高慈善組織的公信力,呼吁更多的群眾參與慈善捐助,這也是建立該系統(tǒng)的目標(biāo)和意義所在?!?br>