拱頂住宅，尼哈，黎巴嫩

建筑設計：L.E.FT建筑師事務所

1 鳥瞰/Aerial view

2 基地立面/Site elevation

棲息在喬福山區邊緣，遠眺地中海，該住宅坐落于先知喬布的神殿之下，位于黎巴嫩最熱門的宗教圣地尼哈村。

住宅的開間尺寸為30m×30m，是對世紀之交當地山區的交叉拱頂住宅的重新解讀。一系列拱頂和住宅內的不同功能相關聯，拱頂在平面和剖面的維度上被等比例放大，坡起那面朝著觀景的方向，與垂直的拱頂相交，交點形成了交通的出入口。

形似跪拜的姿勢，住宅尺度最低的一側朝圣著神殿，最高的一側面向景觀打開。

首層和二層空間功能依照拱頂分布排列，首層設有客廳、餐廳、辦公室、客房和廚房這些主要公共空間；兩間主臥位于二層，每間占據了一個拱頂空間；兒童臥室位于半開放的地下層。

項目重新定義了歷史住宅的體量，從標準的斜屋頂盒子體量、下方交叉拱頂的形式，瓦解演變成了一種新的幾何形態——上方斜屋頂、下方拱頂、兩側扭變與長方形的基底銜接。□（王欣欣 譯）

項目信息/Credits and Data

主持建筑師/Principal Architects: Makram El Kadi, Ziad Jamaleddine

團隊/Team: Daniel Colvard（項目建筑師/Project Architect）,Fumio Hirakawa, Karie Titus, Khalil Melki

景觀設計師/Landscape Architect: Vladimir Djurovic Landscape Architecture

機電給排水顧問及工程師/MEP+S Consultant Engineers:Rafik El Khoury and Partners

照明顧問/Lighting Consultant: PSlab

承包商/Contractors: ACON

項目時間/Project Time: 2010-2019

攝影/Photos: Bahaa Ghoussainy

Perched along the edge of the Shouf Mountains and overlooking the Mediterranean Sea, the residence sits below the shrine of the prophet Job, in the village of Niha, one of the most visited religious sites in Lebanon.

The 30m×30m residence is a reinterpretation of the cross-vaulted houses that donned the local mountainous landscape at the turn of the century.A series of vaults, pertaining to the different residential programmes, scale up both in plan and in section, in ascending slopes towards the view, and intersect with perpendicular vaults to create access points for circulation.

Akin to a prostration position, the house scale kneels at its lowest towards the shrine, and opens up at its highest towards the view.

The vaults organise the programme both on the ground floor and the upper floor with the main public functions of living rooms, dining area, office,guest bedroom and kitchen on the ground floor, and sleeping quarters both on the first floor with two master bedrooms each occupying one vault and the semi-open basement level that house the children's bedrooms.

The historic house volume is here redefined,from a normative pitched roof sitting on a box with cross vaults below, collapsed into a new geometry where the roof of the house becomes both pitched from above and vaulted from below and twisted from the sides to form the rectangular base.□

3 總平面/Site landscape plan

4.5 外景/Exterior views

6 首層平面/Ground floor plan

7 屋頂平面/Roof plan

8 二層平面/First floor plan

9.10 鳥瞰/Aerial views

11 露臺/Terrace

評論

伯凱·帕辛：項目位于貝魯特一處自然風光優美的地塊，建筑為使用者提供的體驗遠超普通的居住感受。人們第一眼看到它常會以為這是一座廠房，它由6個相鄰的具有細長拱頂的大廳組成，每一個具有不同的居住使用功能。但在本項目中，L.E.FT建筑師事務所賦予了房屋一種全新的意義。拱頂住宅可以被看作是一個傳統建筑結構元素的重生，每一個拱頂大廳都可以欣賞到宛如攝影作品的自然風景，同時因為全白墻面所帶來的光亮感，它們又形成了一個內部統一的空間。（錢芳 譯）

魯塔·萊塔奈特：項目位于無論是從視野還是文化角度而言都非常優越的位置，這個奢華的度假屋是對資本能夠帶來的力量和自由的終極體現。

建筑體擁有巨大的建筑尺度、典雅而堅固的建筑材料、引人注目的外立面和優美的內部空間，更不用說令人驚嘆的全景視野，因此非常適合作為公共空間使用，例如美術館。這樣的話公眾就有機會也享受下這里獨一無二的地理位置和建筑設計，奢華的設計也總算沒有白費。（錢芳 譯）

12.13 內景/Interior views

Comments

Burkay Pasin: Located at a magnificient natural site in Beirut, this house commits its users more than a residential experience.At first sight, it is perceived as a factory building, formed of six elongated vaulted halls adjacent to each other, in which various residential functions are organised.However, in this project,L.E.FT Architects attribute a new meaning to the house concept.House of Many Vaults may be regarded as the re-birth of a conventional structural element,with each vaulted hall providing a photographic view of the natural landscape, while being perceived internally as a single volume owing to the brightness of its whitewashed walls.Rūta Leitanait?: Located in a such significant -visually and culturally - place the luxury holiday house is the ultimate manifestation of power and freedom of fantasy that a capital can provide.

With its considerable size, noble durable materials, eye-catching exterior and fluid interior spaces, not to mention the breath-taking panoramas,the building could easily serve as a public place, e.g.an art gallery.Then it would give the wide public a chance to indulge the benefits of the unique site and architecture and thus justify the extravagance.

14-17 內景/Interior views