陳曉萍 章小雷
【摘要】 孤獨癥譜系障礙(Autism spectrum disorder,ASD)是一種嚴重的發育障礙性疾病,其發病率在過去十年持續上升。除了藥物治療外,近幾年來非藥物治療的方法越來越多,其中包括特殊飲食和補充劑在內的代謝干預,通常用于ASD的兒童。然而,這些干預措施如何影響代謝功能或ASD的核心癥狀確鮮為人知。本文就國內外相關文獻加以概述,探討了ASD核心癥狀中代謝的可能直接和間接作用,以及代謝功能障礙和營養缺乏的證據。同時還討論了ASD患兒使用的一些最流行的飲食和補充劑,從而為ASD的防治提供一些新思路。
【關鍵詞】 孤獨癥譜系障礙 飲食 補充劑 代謝干預
Progress in Metabolic Intervention of Autism Spectrum Disorder/CHEN Xiaoping, ZHANG Xiaolei. //Medical Innovation of China, 2020, 17(10): -172
[Abstract] Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious developmental disorder that has been increasing over the past decade. In addition to medical treatment, there have been more and more non-pharmacological treatments in recent years. Metabolic interventions, including special diets and supplements, are commonly used in children with ASD. However, how these interventions affect metabolic function or the core symptoms of ASD is rarely known. This article provides an overview of relevant literature at home and abroad, exploring possible direct and indirect effects of metabolism in ASD core symptoms, as well as evidence of metabolic dysfunction and nutritional deficiencies. Some of the most popular diets and supplements used in children with ASD were also discussed to provide some new ideas for the prevention and treatment of ASD.
[Key words] Autism spectrum disorder Diet Supplements Metabolic intervention
First-authors address: Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2020.10.042
孤獨癥譜系障礙(ASD)是指一組神經發育障礙,包括自閉癥,阿斯伯格綜合征(AS)和無特殊說明的廣泛性發育障礙(PDD-NOS),ASD的新診斷標準側重于兩個核心領域:社交溝通障礙和受限制的利益/重復行為[1]。在過去的二十年中,自閉癥的患病率一直在穩步上升,目前估計36例兒童中有1例患此病,其中男孩患ASD的風險比女孩高4倍[2]。ASD是一種多因素疾病,由環境、免疫、遺傳和表觀遺傳因素等相互作用引起。現階段,由于孤獨癥譜系障礙的病因尚未明確,治療主要限于醫學和精神病合并癥的癥狀管理,包括癲癇發作、焦慮、注意力缺陷、睡眠障礙和胃腸道問題[3]。ASD的療法包括藥物和非藥物干預。本文就孤獨癥譜系障礙的代謝干預研究進展進行如下闡述,旨在為臨床提高對該病的診治水平提供參考。
1 代謝對孤獨癥譜系障礙行為的影響……p>