劉彩虹 吳文力 魏琳

【摘要】 目的 探討白內障超聲乳化摘除聯合人工晶體植入手術中, 低濃度腎上腺素灌注液對眼部麻醉作用時間的影響。方法 22例(22只眼)行白內障超聲乳化摘除聯合人工晶體植入手術患者, 隨機分為對照組和試驗組, 每組11例。對照組患者使用500 ml0.9%復方氯化鈉注射液和0.5 ml1‰腎上腺素組成的灌注液, 試驗組患者使用500 ml 0.9%復方氯化鈉注射液和0.1 ml1‰腎上腺素組成的灌注液。比較兩組術眼手術中麻醉作用維持時間。結果 對照組患者麻醉作用維持時間調和均數為17.238 min, 試驗組患者麻醉作用維持時間調和均數為16.179 min, 比較差異無統計學意義(t=1.71, P>0.05)。試驗組術畢瞳孔大小均等于手術開始時, 均能在整個手術過程中維持散孔狀態。結論 500 ml 0.9%復方氯化鈉注射液加入0.1 ml的 1‰腎上腺素組成的灌注液, 既不會影響術中麻醉作用時間, 又能維持瞳孔擴大, 還可減小對眼部角膜內皮細胞的損害, 值得臨床上推廣應用。
【關鍵詞】 腎上腺素;低濃度;眼部;麻醉作用;維持時間
DOI:10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2020.10.048
【Abstract】 Objective ? To discuss the effect of low concentration epinephrine infusion on duration of ocular anesthesia during cataract extraction combined with intraocular lens implantation. Methods ? A total of 22 patients (22 involved eyes) undergoing cataract extraction combined with intraocular lens implantation were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, with 11 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received infusion solution consisting of 500 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution and 0.5 ml of 1‰ adrenaline. Patients in the experimental group received infusion solution consisting of 500 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution and 0.1 ml of 1 ‰ adrenaline. The duration of anesthesia during operation was compared between the two groups. Results ? The median maintenance time of anesthesia effect in the control group was 17.238 min, and the median maintenance time of anesthesia effect in the test group was 16.729 min, and the difference was not statistically significant (t=1.71, P>0.05). In the experimental group, the pupil size at the end of the operation was equal to that at the beginning of the operation, and it could maintain the state of dilation during the whole operation. Conclusion ? Perfusion solution consisting of 500 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride solution and 0.1 ml of?1‰ adrenaline will not affect the duration of anesthesia, while maintaining pupil dilation, and reducing damage to the corneal endothelial cells. It is worthy of clinical promotion and application.
【Key words】 Epinephrine; Low-concentration; Ocular; Anesthetic effect; Maintenance time
在白內障超聲乳化摘除聯合人工晶體植入手術中, 麻醉效果好, 麻醉作用維持時間達到理想范圍, 是手術順利進行的一個重要條件。但為了瞳孔維持散大, 便于手術, 需要在灌注液中加入腎上腺素。目前國內較多采用500 ml復方氯化鈉注射液加入0.5 ml的1‰腎上腺素組成灌注液, 有關文獻建議用0.1 ml 的1‰代替0.5 ml的1‰腎上腺素[1]。但是, 腎上腺素濃度降低, 會不會對眼部局部麻醉作用維持時間產生影響, 目前無相關文獻報道。為此, 本研究2019年11~12月在22例白內障超聲乳化摘除聯合人工晶體植入手術中, 將其中11例灌注液中腎上腺素濃度1∶1000000降為1∶5000000進行試驗, 比較高、低兩種腎上腺素濃度對術中麻醉作用維持時間的影響, 現報告如下。