糾正低血糖生活食物卡夾在低血糖處置的效果觀察

王榮芬 胡衛恒 李祖旋 李蕊 姚超群

[摘要] 目的 觀察使用“糾正低血糖的生活食物卡夾”（已獲國家實用新型專利，專利號ZL 2017 2 0756805.8）對發生低血糖的糖尿病患者的影響，指導患者在日常生活中選擇標準的糾正低血糖的食物種類和量，及時糾正低血糖。 方法 選擇2017年10月—12月住院的糖尿病患者90例，通過自制問卷，了解患者對低血糖反應的知識掌握情況，通過使用“糾正低血糖的生活食物卡夾”進行健康指導，觀察使用卡夾后，患者在發生低血糖時對生活食物種類和量的選擇正確率。 結果 通過該卡夾的使用及健康指導，糖尿病患者在發生低血糖時，能夠準確、及時的選擇生活中食物的種類和量，差異有統計學意義（P<0.001）。 結論 “糾正低血糖的生活食物卡夾”可作為臨床護理教育工具使用，針對患者或家屬，具有直觀、具體、形象，實用性強的特點，能夠更規范地幫助糖尿病患者在發生低血糖時，及時、準確地選擇含糖食物和進食量，糾正低血糖，減少對機體的損害。另外還可作為日常健康保健資料推廣使用，提高群眾健康管理知識。

[關鍵詞] 生活食物卡夾;低血糖處置;食物的正確選擇

[中圖分類號] R587.1? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1672-4062（2020）01（b）-0160-03

[Abstract] Objective To observe the effect of “correcting hypoglycemic food clip” （has obtained national utility model patent， patent number ZL 2017 2 0756805.8） for diabetic patients with hypoglycemia， and guide patients to choose the standard correction type and amount of blood glucose correct hypoglycemia in time in daily life. Methods A total of 90 patients with diabetes mellitus who were hospitalized from October to December 2017 were selected. Through self-made questionnaires， the patient's knowledge of hypoglycemia was known. The health guidance was observed through the use of “correcting hypoglycemia food clips”. After the clip， the patient selects the correct rate of the type and amount of food in the life of hypoglycemia. Results Through the use of the clip and health guidance， diabetic patients were able to accurately and timely select the type and amount of food in their lives when hypoglycemia occurred， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.001）. Conclusion The "correcting hypoglycemic food clip" can be used as a clinical nursing education tool. It is intuitive， specific， image and practical for patients or their families. It can help diabetic patients to have hypoglycemia more regularly. Timely and accurate selection of sugary foods and food intake， correcting hypoglycemia and reducing damage to the body. In addition， it can also be used as a daily health care data promotion to improve people's health management knowledge.

[Key words] Living food clip; Hypoglycemia treatment; Correct choice of food

糖尿病患者在治療過程中可能發生血糖過低現象。低血糖可導致患者不適甚至生命危險，也是血糖達標的主要障礙，應該引起特別注意和重視[1]。因此，當糖尿病患者血糖低于≤3.9 mmol/L，即需要補充葡萄糖或含糖食物。中國2型糖尿病防治指南中已經明確提出，意識清楚的糖尿病患者發生低血糖應立即口服15～20g糖類食品。

患者在住院期間，如果發生低血糖，往往能得到醫生或護士較為規范的處理，及時糾正低血糖，減少危害性。但如果患者在家中或非住院期間，一旦發生低血糖，有些雖能采取處置措施，但經常出現進食的食物不準確或量過多及過少的情況，導致低血糖糾正不及時或血糖過高。……