王茹琳 劉原 李慶



摘要 近年來,獼猴桃潰瘍病在四川各獼猴桃主產(chǎn)區(qū)嚴(yán)重發(fā)生,造成嚴(yán)重經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。本研究采用MaxEnt模型分析四川省獼猴桃潰瘍病菌潛在分布,并預(yù)測(cè)2030年代、2050年代、2070年代和2080年代的RCP2.6、RCP4.5和RCP8.5等3種氣候變化情景下適生區(qū)變化。預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果運(yùn)用ROC曲線評(píng)價(jià)模擬準(zhǔn)確性。結(jié)果表明:所建立13個(gè)模型的訓(xùn)練數(shù)據(jù)和測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)AUC (areas under curve)值均高于0.9,達(dá)到極高的精度。當(dāng)前氣候條件下,獼猴桃潰瘍病菌在四川的高適生區(qū)主要位于成都市、德陽(yáng)市、綿陽(yáng)市、廣元市、巴中市、達(dá)州市和雅安市,中適生區(qū)在四川21地市州均有分布。2030年代-2080年代,氣候變化情景下,與當(dāng)前情景相比,高適生區(qū)和低適生區(qū)區(qū)域均顯著增加,中適生區(qū)區(qū)域先增加后減少,不同適生區(qū)幾何中心位置和遷移規(guī)律均有所不同但總體上均向北移動(dòng)。
關(guān)鍵詞 氣候變化; 潛在地理分布; MaxEnt模型; 獼猴桃潰瘍病菌
中圖分類號(hào): S 431.2 ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A ?DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2019055
Abstract In recent years, the kiwifruit canker disease has occurred seriously in the main kiwifruit producing areas of Sichuan, and caused serious economic losses. In this study, MaxEnt (the maximum entropy model) was applied to analyze the potential geographic distribution of Pseudomonas syringae pv.actinidiae (Psa) in Sichuan. The future distribution of Psa were also predicted for 2030s, 2050s, 2070s and 2080s under the climate change scenarios of RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The results showed that AUC (areas under curve) values of training data and test data of all models were higher than 0.9, which indicated a better forecast. Under current climate situation, the highly suitable areas for Psa were in Chengdu, Deyang, Mianyang, Guangyuan, Bazhong, Dazhou, and Yaan, whereas the moderately suitable areas covered 21 cities of Sichuan. Under climate change scenarios, the areas of highly and least suitable areas increased significantly compared with the current scenario, while the areas of the moderately suitable areas decreased significantly. The geometric center location and migration rule of different suitable areas were different, but they all moved northward in general.
Key words climate change; potential geographical distribution; MaxEnt; Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae
四川是紅心獼猴桃的發(fā)源地,主栽品種有‘紅陽(yáng)‘ 東紅 ‘紅什2號(hào)和‘金紅50等,其中以‘紅陽(yáng)獼猴桃栽培面積最大,種植面積超過3.33萬hm2,占全省栽培面積的68.53%。獼猴桃種植作為四川省扶貧攻堅(jiān)的主要產(chǎn)業(yè),近年來在全省大范圍推廣,種植面積和產(chǎn)量分別占全國(guó)22%和16.6%,均居全國(guó)第二位[1]。由于種植品種以紅心獼猴桃為主,且在地區(qū)間引種、購(gòu)苗、采粉及果品銷售活動(dòng)中缺乏必要的檢疫措施,獼猴桃潰瘍病在獼猴桃主栽區(qū)迅速蔓延,發(fā)生面積逐年擴(kuò)大,在成都、廣元、德陽(yáng)、崇州、雅安等市均有發(fā)生,給種植戶造成了巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。……