黃婉琴 李勤 覃章輝



摘要 茭白胡麻葉斑病發(fā)生普遍且嚴(yán)重,已成為茭白的常見(jiàn)病害。為了明確病原菌,先后從茭白主產(chǎn)區(qū)采集胡麻葉斑病病葉,各產(chǎn)區(qū)分離純化5~10株病原菌。通過(guò)對(duì)菌株DNA的內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)錄間隔區(qū)ITS基因、3-磷酸甘油醛脫氫酶GPDH基因、延伸因子EF-1α基因的序列進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)合形態(tài)學(xué)觀察、致病力測(cè)定等方法對(duì)茭白胡麻葉斑病病菌進(jìn)行鑒定。結(jié)果表明,茭白胡麻葉斑病病原菌為稻平臍蠕孢Bipolaris oryzae,與水稻胡麻葉斑病病原菌一致。本文的研究成果可為茭白胡麻葉斑病的防治提供一種新的思路。
關(guān)鍵詞 茭白胡麻葉斑病; 病原菌鑒定; 稻平臍蠕孢
中圖分類號(hào): S 436.45 ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼: A ?DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2019060
Abstract Zizania latifolia leaf spot disease is a common and serious disease. In order to identify the pathogen, we collected infected leaves from different main production areas of Z. latifolia and selected 5 to 10 strains in each area. Identification experiments were performed based on DNA internal transcribed spacer ITS, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GDPH) and elongation factor EF-1α gene sequences and morphology. The results showed that the pathogen of leaf spot of Z. latifolia was Bipolaris oryzae, which was the same as the pathogen of rice flax leaf spot. This study provides a new idea for the control of leaf spot of Z. latifolia.
Key words Zizania latifolia leaf spot disease; pathogen identification; Bipolaris oryzae
茭白Zizania latifolia,又名高筍、茭瓜,是我國(guó)第二大水生蔬菜,也是我國(guó)特有蔬菜,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益非常顯著[1]。由Bipolaris oryzae引起的茭白胡麻葉斑病又稱茭白葉枯病,是近年來(lái)影響茭白產(chǎn)量的主要病害之一。隨著茭白種植面積逐年擴(kuò)大,該病的發(fā)生范圍也在不斷擴(kuò)大,在全國(guó)茭白主要種植區(qū)都普遍發(fā)生[2],而且田間發(fā)生程度也越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重,特別嚴(yán)重時(shí),株發(fā)病率達(dá)90%,病葉率達(dá)100%[1]。為了弄清不同茭白主產(chǎn)區(qū)胡麻葉斑病病原菌,本研究對(duì)茭白五個(gè)主產(chǎn)區(qū)的胡麻葉斑病菌進(jìn)行了分離純化、形態(tài)學(xué)觀察、致病力測(cè)定和分子鑒定,以期為茭白胡麻葉斑病的診斷、抗病育種以及病害防治提供理論依據(jù)。
1 材料與方法
1.1 主要生物試劑及儀器
DNA提取的相關(guān)試劑、藥品購(gòu)自大連寶生物公司;瓊脂糖凝膠回收試劑盒為愛(ài)思進(jìn)生物技術(shù)有限公司產(chǎn)品。……