成蟲(chóng)期補(bǔ)充不同營(yíng)養(yǎng)對(duì)草地貪夜蛾繁殖力的影響

房敏 姚領(lǐng) 李曉萌

摘要 本文研究了補(bǔ)充不同營(yíng)養(yǎng)對(duì)草地貪夜蛾成蟲(chóng)壽命及生殖力的影響，為草地貪夜蛾的人工飼養(yǎng)及種群動(dòng)態(tài)的預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)提供理論依據(jù)。在溫度（25±1）℃，濕度70%±5%，光照L∥D=16 h∥8 h的養(yǎng)蟲(chóng)室，分別以6種不同營(yíng)養(yǎng)物和蒸餾水對(duì)成蟲(chóng)補(bǔ)充營(yíng)養(yǎng)，觀察記錄成蟲(chóng)產(chǎn)卵期、成蟲(chóng)壽命、產(chǎn)卵量及卵孵化率。結(jié)果表明：補(bǔ)充蒸餾水的處理組產(chǎn)卵前期顯著短于其他處理組;10%蜂蜜水及10%蔗糖水處理組的產(chǎn)卵期及雌成蟲(chóng)壽命均顯著長(zhǎng)于其他處理組;且10%蜂蜜水處理組的產(chǎn)卵量及卵孵化率最高，分別為983.20粒和98.07%。綜合以上結(jié)果：室內(nèi)飼養(yǎng)草地貪夜蛾時(shí)，成蟲(chóng)期營(yíng)養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充以10%蜂蜜水為最佳。

關(guān)鍵詞 補(bǔ)充營(yíng)養(yǎng); 草地貪夜蛾; 成蟲(chóng)壽命; 生殖力

中圖分類號(hào)： S 435.132 ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼： A ?DOI： 10.16688/j.zwbh.2019610

Abstract In order to provide theoretical basis for artificial rearing and prediction of population dynamics of Spodoptera frugiperda， the effects of different nutrition supplementation on adult longevity and fecundity were studied. In a rearing room with a temperature of （25±1）℃， humidity 70%±5%， L∥D=16 h∥8 h， the adult longevity， fecundity and egg hatching rates of S. frugiperda were recorded using six different nutrients and distilled water as a nutritional supplement. The results showed that the pre-oviposition period of the adults supplied with distilled water was significantly shorter than that of other treatments， and the oviposition period and the female adult longevity the adults treated with 10% honey water and 10% sucrose water were significantly longer than other groups. And the adults supplied with 10% honey water possessed the highest fecundity and hatchability， which were 983.20 eggs per female and 98.07%， respectively. In conclusion， 10% honey water was the best choice for indoor breeding of S. frugiperda.

Key words supplementary nutrition; Spodoptera frugiperda; adult longevity; reproductive capacity

草地貪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda又稱秋黏蟲(chóng)（英文名 fall armyworm），是廣泛分布于美洲大陸且遷飛能力較強(qiáng)的毀滅性農(nóng)業(yè)害蟲(chóng)[1-3]。草地貪夜蛾幼蟲(chóng)可取食玉米、水稻、小麥、棉花等300多種寄主作物[4-5]。自2019年1月云南省首次發(fā)現(xiàn)該蟲(chóng)為害玉米以來(lái)[6]，其發(fā)生為害地區(qū)逐漸擴(kuò)大，目前已有20多個(gè)省（區(qū)）發(fā)現(xiàn)草地貪夜蛾[7-8]。由于我國(guó)南北地區(qū)多種草地貪夜蛾的寄主作物的生育期遞次推移[9-10]，為其種群遷移提供充足條件，草地貪夜蛾將成為類似黏蟲(chóng)的周年循環(huán)發(fā)生的重大害蟲(chóng)。基因分析表明入侵我國(guó)的草地貪夜蛾群體可能來(lái)自水稻型母本和玉米型父本雜交的后代，在長(zhǎng)期演化過(guò)程中玉米型基因占主導(dǎo)地位，成為一種特殊的玉米型群體[11]。目前，草地貪夜蛾的研究已從田間發(fā)生規(guī)律、應(yīng)急性防治技術(shù)等方面[12-14]發(fā)展到生理生化水平、基因水平上的生物學(xué)特性、生物防治研究等方面[15-16]。……