修春麗 李國平 高宇



摘要 為明確不同類型誘捕器對棉鈴蟲塊狀食誘劑田間誘捕效果的影響,2018年7月-9月在河北省廊坊市廣陽區、河南省新鄉市新鄉縣和原陽縣的棉花、大豆、玉米、花生田,利用蛾類誘捕器和三角形誘捕器比較了塊狀食誘劑對棉鈴蟲的誘捕效果。結果表明,食誘劑分別與2種誘捕器結合,在4種作物田對棉鈴蟲成蟲均具有明顯的誘捕作用;蛾類誘捕器誘集到的棉鈴蟲成蟲數量是三角形誘捕器的1.2~6.5倍。因此,蛾類誘捕器與棉鈴蟲塊狀食誘劑結合使用可以更有效誘捕田間棉鈴蟲成蟲。
關鍵詞 棉鈴蟲; 成蟲; 食誘劑; 誘捕器; 誘捕效果
中圖分類號: S433.4 ?文獻標識碼: B ?DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2019068
Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the trapping effectiveness of different traps combined with food attractant to the Helicoverpa armigera moths. From July to September 2018, the moth trap and triangle trap with block-shaped food attractant were used in four crop fields in Guangyang district of Langfang (Hebei province), Xinxiang county and Yuanyang county of Xinxiang (Henan province), respectively. Field results showed that H. armigera moths were greatly attracted by food attractant combined with both types of traps in cotton, soybean, corn and peanut fields. However, the average number of trapped H. armigera moths by moth trap was 1.2-6.5 times higher than that by triangle trap. In conclusion, moth trap is more suitable to be combined with block-shaped food attractant, which can effectively trap H. armigera moths in the fields.
Key words Helicoverpa armigera; moth; food attractant; trap; trapping efficacy
棉鈴蟲Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)屬鱗翅目夜蛾科,是一種世界范圍內的重大農業害蟲[1]。近年來,隨著農作物種植結構的調整,黃河流域等地區轉Bt(Bacillus thuringiensis)基因抗蟲棉的種植面積大幅下降,我國棉鈴蟲區域性種群數量逐年上升,在玉米、花生、番茄、辣椒、向日葵等常規寄主作物上的發生為害程度明顯加重[2-3]。棉鈴蟲對化學殺蟲劑的抗性問題一直比較突出[1],目前我國多地棉鈴蟲種群對部分擬除蟲菊酯類藥劑仍具有高水平抗性,同時對有機磷類、大環內酯類藥劑也有明顯的抗性[4-5]。此外,化學殺蟲劑大量使用還帶來了農田生物多樣性下降、水源與土壤污染等諸多其他問題,因此亟須進一步研發環境友好的棉鈴蟲防控技術。
近年來,基于植食性昆蟲嗅覺識別功能與寄主選擇習性的行為調控技術,如利用誘集植物、引誘枝把等,已在農作物害蟲治理實踐中得到了廣泛應用[6]。……