42%啶蟲·噠螨靈WP>5%魚藤酮SL>15%噠螨靈EC>28%殺蟲·啶蟲脒WP。田間藥效試驗結果表明,42%啶蟲·噠螨靈WP和15%噠螨靈EC的防效最" />
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摘要 為了篩選有效防治青菜黃曲條跳甲的藥劑,在室內測定了5種殺蟲劑對黃曲條跳甲成蟲的毒力,并開展了這5種藥劑對黃曲條跳甲的田間藥效試驗。毒力測定結果表明,10%啶蟲脒WP對黃曲條跳甲的毒力最高,28%殺蟲·啶蟲脒WP毒力最低,LC50分別為7.20 mg/L和18.63 mg/L,5種藥劑的毒力大小依次為:10%啶蟲脒WP>42%啶蟲·噠螨靈WP>5%魚藤酮SL>15%噠螨靈EC>28%殺蟲·啶蟲脒WP。田間藥效試驗結果表明,42%啶蟲·噠螨靈WP和15%噠螨靈EC的防效最優,10%啶蟲脒WP、28%殺蟲·啶蟲脒WP和5%魚藤酮SL 3種藥劑總體防效相當,但低于42%啶蟲·噠螨靈WP和15%噠螨靈EC。綜合來看,建議使用42%啶蟲·噠螨靈WP 126~189 g/hm2、15%噠螨靈EC 90~135 g/hm2、28%殺蟲·啶蟲脒WP 294~420 g/hm2、10%啶蟲脒WP 60~90 g/hm2、5%魚藤酮SL 150~225 g/hm2對青菜黃曲條跳甲進行防治。
關鍵詞 黃曲條跳甲; 殺蟲劑; 毒力; 田間藥效
中圖分類號: S 436.3, S 433.5 ?文獻標識碼: B ?DOI: 10.16688/j.zwbh.2019040
Abstract Toxicity bioassay and field control efficacy trial were conducted to find out the effective insecticides against Phyllotreta striolata. Toxicity bioassay showed that acetamiprid 10% WP had the highest toxicity and thiocyclam-hydrogenoxalate·acetamiprid 28% WP had the lowest toxicity, with the LC50 values of 7.20 mg/L and 18.63 mg/L, respectively. The order of the toxicity of the five insecticides was acetamiprid 10% WP>acetamiprid·pyridaben 42% WP>rotenone 5% SL>pyridaben 15% EC>thiocyclam-hydrogenoxalate·acetamiprid 28% WP. Field efficacy trial showed that acetamiprid·pyridaben 42% WP and pyridaben 15% EC had excellent efficacy against P.striolata, while the efficacies of acetamiprid 10% WP, thiocyclam-hydrogenoxalate·acetamiprid 28% WP and rotenone 5% SL were about in the same range. According to the results of toxicity bioassay and field control efficacy trial, dose of 126-189 g/hm2 for acetamiprid·pyridaben 42% WP, 90-135 g/hm2 for pyridaben 15% EC, 294-420 g/hm2 for thiocyclam-hydrogenoxalate·acetamiprid 28% WP, 60-90 g/hm2 for acetamiprid 10% WP, or 150-225 g/hm2 for rotenone 5% SL was recommended for the pest control.
Key words Phyllotreta striolata; insecticide; toxicity; filed control efficacy
黃條跳甲屬鞘翅目葉甲科,為寡食性害蟲,只為害蘿卜、甘藍、花椰菜、青菜、大白菜、油菜、芥菜等十字花科蔬菜,國內多數菜區均有發生[1]。黃條跳甲有4個近似種,分別為黃曲條跳甲Phyllotreta striolata (Fabricius)、黃直條跳甲P.rectilineata Chen、黃狹條跳甲P.vittula Redtenbacher和黃寬條跳甲P.humilis Weise。上海地區發生的主要是黃曲條跳甲。
上海地區黃曲條跳甲的發生盛期在4月中下旬至7月上旬、9月至10月,年發生6~7代,世代重疊[2-3]。其幼蟲棲息于土中,為害十字花科作物根部,常造成大批秧苗倒苗以致翻耕重播。成蟲在地上部為害植株葉片,嚴重時可使被害作物的葉片出現無數的孔洞,使葉菜的品質嚴重下降,給菜農造成嚴重的經濟損失[1-2,4-5]。
青菜Brassica chinensis L.是深受上海市民青睞的一種綠葉菜。為保證青菜安全生產,本文選擇了5種殺蟲劑開展了室內毒力測定和田間藥效試驗,旨在篩選出防治青菜黃曲條跳甲高效安全的理想藥劑。……p>