焦品博 王海燕



摘要:為幫助學員掌握分油機的工作原理和操作方法,以Alfa Laval S系列分油機為研究對象,結合層次狀態機的概念,設計兩層嵌套狀態機作為分油機仿真系統的整個工作周期內的邏輯控制。通過簡化分離筒的幾何形狀建立分油機的數學模型,以模擬分油機內油水分界液面的變化。采用樹形拓撲結構描述操作菜單的信息顯示。利用可編程邏輯控制器(programmable logic controller, PLC)通信技術,實現分油機的半實物仿真系統。測試結果表明,層次化的狀態控制使得系統控制過程結構化、清晰化,狀態之間的轉換關系表達明確,能逼真地模擬分油機的工作過程。
關鍵詞: 船舶分油機; 層次狀態機; 數學模型; 半實物仿真
中圖分類號: U664.81+2; TP391.92 ? ?文獻標志碼: A
Design and realization of simulation system for marine oil purifiers
JIAO Pinbo, WANG Haiyan
(Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China)
Abstract: In order to help students master the working principle and operation method of the oil purifier, the Alfa Laval S series oil purifier is taken as the research subject, and a two-layer nested state machine is designed as the logical control of the whole working cycle of the oil purifier simulation system based on the concept of the hierarchical state machine. The mathematical model of the oil purifier is established by simplifying the geometry of the separation cylinder. By this model, the change of the oil-water interface is simulated. A tree topology is used to describe the information display of the operation menu. With the application of the programmable logic controller (PLC) communication technology, the semi-physical simulation system of the oil purifier is realized. The test results show that the hierarchical state control makes the system control process structured and clear, the transition relationship between states is clearly expressed, and the working process of the marine oil purifier can be simulated realistically.
Key words: marine oil purifier; hierarchical state machine; mathematical model; semi-physical simulation
0 引 言
船舶分油機是船舶凈化燃油和滑油必不可少的設備,其凈化性能直接影響船舶柴油機的工作性能和使用壽命。掌握船舶分油機的工作原理和操作方法是航海學員的必修課程,設計貼近實船的半實物分油機系統仿真模擬器將發揮重要作用[1-3]。黃小松[4]采用嵌入式微處理器STM32作為主控芯片,設計了分油機模擬控制面板。LI等[5]和WANG等[6]在建立數學模型的基礎上,結合可編程邏輯控制器(programmable logic controller, PLC)編程模擬分油機工作時序控制。張寧等[7]設計了實時管理數據的過程仿真支撐平臺,并結合單片機技術以及CAN采集卡和CAN總線,設計了與實船操作一致的仿真控制箱。上述研究中,利用單片機和PLC技術實現了分油機系統工作流程的時序控制[8],但不能清晰定位系統的運行狀態。……