SMSC型輪機(jī)模擬器實(shí)操訓(xùn)練的自動(dòng)評(píng)分方法及實(shí)現(xiàn)

仇光偉 胡以懷 郭曉亮

摘要：為更好地提高現(xiàn)有輪機(jī)模擬器實(shí)操評(píng)分的準(zhǔn)確性，參考國內(nèi)輪機(jī)模擬器自動(dòng)評(píng)分系統(tǒng)的原理，提出一種多級(jí)模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法。該方法依據(jù)中華人民共和國海事局在《海船船員適任考試與評(píng)估大綱》中規(guī)定的實(shí)操技能要求，建立評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。使用層次分析法（analytic hierarchy process，AHP）確定各指標(biāo)權(quán)重，選擇適宜的隸屬度函數(shù)模型確定各指標(biāo)的隸屬度。實(shí)時(shí)采集船員在實(shí)操訓(xùn)練過程中產(chǎn)生的數(shù)據(jù)，依據(jù)專家系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行模糊評(píng)價(jià)。經(jīng)專家驗(yàn)證取得了理想的結(jié)果。模型提高了實(shí)操評(píng)分的準(zhǔn)確性、公正性及其評(píng)價(jià)效率，可為海事部門的考核提供有力的支撐。

關(guān)鍵詞： 輪機(jī)模擬器; 實(shí)操訓(xùn)練; 自動(dòng)評(píng)分; 多級(jí)模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià); 層次分析法（AHP）

中圖分類號(hào)： U676.2 ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼： A

Automatic scoring method and realization of SMSC marine engine

room simulator practical training

QIU Guangwei， HU Yihuai， GUO Xiaoliang

（Merchant Marine College， Shanghai Maritime University， Shanghai 201306， China）

Abstract： In order to improve the accuracy of practical training scoring of existing marine engine room simulators， referring to the principle of the domestic marine engine room simulator automatic scoring system， a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is proposed. In the method， an evaluation index system is established based on the practical operational skill requirements stipulated by the Maritime Safety Administration of the Peoples Republic of China in the Shipboard Crews Qualification Examination and Assessment Outline. The analytic hierarchy process （ AHP） is used to determine the weight of each index， and the appropriate membership function model is selected to determine the membership degree of each index. The data produced by the crew in the practical training process are collected in real time， and the fuzzy evaluation is performed according to the expert system. The ideal result is obtained by expert verification. The model improves the accuracy， fairness and evaluation efficiency of the practical training scoring， and can provide strong support for the assessment of maritime departments.

Key words： marine engine room simulator; practical training; automatic scoring; multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation; analytic hierarchy process （AHP）

0 引 言

據(jù)交通運(yùn)輸部新聞辦公室發(fā)布的《2017年中國船員發(fā)展報(bào)告》顯示，截至2017年底我國共有注冊(cè)船員148.3萬余人，其中海船船員70.9萬余人。在船員隊(duì)伍總體保持穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)的同時(shí)，現(xiàn)代船舶也在向著大型化、專業(yè)化的方向發(fā)展，這對(duì)船員的管理水平和實(shí)操水平提出了更高的要求[1-2]。

為避免船員實(shí)操人工評(píng)估的主觀性、延時(shí)性，需要設(shè)計(jì)輪機(jī)模擬器的自動(dòng)評(píng)分系統(tǒng)。目前自動(dòng)評(píng)估算法包括：基于專家系統(tǒng)評(píng)分規(guī)則的模糊評(píng)估算法[2]、采用專家評(píng)價(jià)法和統(tǒng)計(jì)評(píng)判法定權(quán)的模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法[3]、分解綜合法結(jié)合模糊綜合法[4]、采用專家綜合測(cè)評(píng)方式定權(quán)的模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)法[5]等。每種方法都有自己的優(yōu)劣，雖然框架各異，但其核心問題均為怎樣合理地確定各因素的權(quán)重和隸屬度?！?br>