陶敏 廖娟



【摘要】 目的:探究銅綠假單胞菌(pseudomonas aeruginosa,PA)的臨床分布和耐藥情況以指導臨床合理用藥。方法:用WHONET 5.6軟件對筆者所在醫院2013年1月-2018年12月檢出的PA進行回顧性分析。結果:共分離出862株PA,其中2013年檢出率最低為3.6%(132/3 656),2018年檢出率最高為6.8%(177/2 593)。PA主要分布于瘡瘍科(12.4%),其次為肺病科(12.2%)、重癥醫學科(11.9%)、心胸外科(10.0%)、肛腸科(8.2%)。PA主要來源于痰液(52.8%),其次為膿液(15.3%)、分泌物(13.2%)。PA對常見抗菌藥物的耐藥率普遍低于21.0%,對亞胺培南的耐藥率最高為20.9%,對阿米卡星的耐藥率最低為4.5%。結論:在筆者所在醫院中,PA檢出率呈上升趨勢,以膿液及分泌物中PA的上升趨勢最顯著。此外,PA對常見抗菌藥物的耐藥率存在上升趨勢。掌握PA的臨床分布和耐藥性情況,可以為臨床防治PA感染提供依據。
【關鍵詞】 銅綠假單胞菌 臨床分布 耐藥
doi:10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2020.16.026 文獻標識碼 B 文章編號 1674-6805(2020)16-00-04
Clinical Distribution and Drug Resistance Analysis of 862 Strains of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa/TAO Min, LIAO Juan. //Chinese and Foreign Medical Research, 2020, 18(16): -69
[Abstract] Objective: To explore the clinical distribution and drug resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) to guide clinical rational drug use. Method: The PA detected in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2018 was retrospectively analyzed with WHONET 5.6 software. Result: A total of 862 strains of PA were isolated, with the lowest detection rate of 3.6% (132/3 656) in 2013 and the highest detection rate of 6.8% (177/2 593) in 2018. PA was mainly distributed in the department of ulcer selection (12.4%), followed by the department of pulmonary disease (12.2%), the department of critical care medicine (11.9%), the department of cardiothoracic surgery (10.0%), and the department of anorectal surgery (8.2%). PA was mainly derived from sputum (52.8%), followed by pus (15.3%) and secretions (13.2%). The drug resistance rate of PA to common antibacterial agents was generally less than 21.0%, the highest drug resistance rate to Imipenem was 20.9%, and the lowest drug resistance rate to Amikacin was 4.5%. Conclusion: The detection rate of PA in our hospital has a rising trend, with the most significant rising trend of PA in pus and secretions. In addition, the drug resistance rate of PA to common antibacterial drugs increased. Understanding the clinical distribution and drug resistance of PA can provide evidence for clinical prevention and treatment of PA infection.
[Key words] Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical distribution Drug resistance
First-authors address: Peoples Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350004, China
銅綠假單胞菌(pseudomonas aeruginosa,PA)在自然界中分布廣泛,可定植于人體的多個部位,如皮膚、呼吸道和消化道。由于PA生長條件要求較低,繁殖能力強,且具有易變異、易定植和多耐藥的特點,容易污染和定植于醫療器械表面和消毒液中,進而導致醫源性感染。據報道,PA是引起院內獲得性肺炎(hospital acquired pneumonia,HAP)和院內獲得性腹腔感染(intra-abdominal infection,IAI)的最常見病原菌之一[1]。近些年,隨著廣譜抗菌藥物的廣泛使用,院內感染情況日益加劇,導致對多種抗菌藥物均有耐藥性的菌株產生,甚至產生多重耐藥銅綠假單胞菌(MDR-PAE),給臨床治療帶來極大挑戰[2]。本文主要分析筆者所在醫院近6年的PA的臨床分布和耐藥情況,為幫助臨床防治PA感染提供依據。……