張萬飛



[摘要] 目的 探討非小細胞肺癌(NSCLC)淋巴結的轉移規律和臨床清掃方式選擇。方法 回顧性分析該院2015年2月—2018年3月收治的164例NSCLC患者,共清掃1 083組淋巴結,分析肺癌分期、病理類型以及原發部位與淋巴結轉移關系,同時探討肺葉特異性淋巴結清掃方式(LND)、系統性淋巴結清掃方式(SML)對圍手術期資料的影響。 結果 共清掃淋巴結1 083組,平均每例清除7.13組。其中有淋巴結有轉移317組,轉移率為29.27%。T1:57組,T2:676組,T3:299組,T4∶41組,淋巴結轉移率分別為15.79%、25.89%、36.12%、60.98%,差異有統計學意義(χ2=14.450,P<0.01)。跳躍性N2在腺癌的發生率較高為55.77%。同時LND組在手術時間、術后胸腔引流量、術后拔管時間以及平均住院天數等方面均優于SML組,差異有統計學意義(P<0.05)。結論 非小細胞肺癌患者的淋巴結轉移與 T 分期之間存在明顯的關聯,跳躍性縱膈淋巴結轉移的發生率相對較高。同時肺葉特異性淋巴結清掃可以取得與系統淋巴結清掃相同的治療效果,且創傷更小,應對其給予足夠的重視,注意廣泛清掃淋巴結,提高治療效果。
[關鍵詞] 非小細胞肺癌;淋巴結轉移;淋巴結清掃
[中圖分類號] R734.2 ? ? ? ? ?[文獻標識碼] A ? ? ? ? ?[文章編號] 1674-0742(2020)11(a)-0060-03
Clinical Study of Lymph Node Metastasis and Dissection of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
ZHANG Wan-fei
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Quanzhou First Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000 China
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the lymph node metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the choice of clinical dissection methods. Methods Retrospective analysis of 164 NSCLC patients admitted to the hospital from February 2015 to March 2018, a total of 1 083 groups of lymph nodes were dissected, the stage, pathological type of lung cancer, and the relationship between the primary site and lymph node metastasis were analyzed, and the method of lung lobe-specific lymph node dissection(LND) and systemic lymph node dissection (SML) on perioperative data. Results A total of 1 083 groups of lymph nodes were removed, with an average of 7.13 groups removed per case. Among them, there were 317 groups with lymph node metastasis, and the metastasis rate was 29.27%. In the T1:57 group, T2:676 group, T3:299 group, and T4:41 group, the lymph node metastasis rates were 15.79%, 25.89%, 36.12%, and 60.98%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant(χ2=14.450, P<0.01). The incidence of skipping N2 in adenocarcinoma was 55.77%. At the same time, the LND group was better than the SML group in terms of operation time, postoperative thoracic drainage, postoperative extubation time and average hospital stay, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion There is a significant connection between lymph node metastasis and T staging in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The incidence of skipping mediastinal lymph node metastasis is relatively high. At the same time, pulmonary lobe-specific lymph node dissection can achieve the same therapeutic effect as systemic lymph node dissection, and with less trauma, enough attention should be given to it, and attention should be paid to extensive lymph node dissection to improve the treatment effect.
該研究數據統計表明,共清掃淋巴結1 083組,平均每例清除7.13組。其中有淋巴結有轉移317組,轉移率為29.27%。T1:57組,T2:676組,T3:299組,T4:41組,淋巴結轉移率分別為15.79%、25.89%、36.12%、60.98%,差異有統計學意義(P<0.01)。跳躍性N2在腺癌的發生率較高為55.77%。同時LND組在手術時間、術后胸腔引流量、術后拔管時間以及平均住院天數等方面均優于SML組(P<0.05),和上述研究結果一致,說明采用系統性淋巴結清掃要求切除包括隆突下淋巴結在內的至少3組縱隔淋巴結,同時一并切除肺內和肺門淋巴結。而肺葉特異性淋巴結清掃主要有選擇性地清掃特定區域淋巴結,在此過程中嚴格依據病灶位置,主要理論依據為通常情況下,肺癌腫瘤細胞經淋巴管路轉移向特定的淋巴引流區域[6-8]。
綜上所述,非小細胞肺癌的淋巴結的轉移與T分期存在顯著的關聯,跳躍性縱膈淋巴結轉移的發生率隨著淋巴結的轉移率明顯增大、T分期的增加在腺癌中相對較高。同時肺葉特異性淋巴結清掃可以取得與系統淋巴結清掃相同的治療效果,且創傷更小,應注意廣泛清掃淋巴結,提高治療效果。
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(收稿日期:2020-08-02)