生命蒸汽桑拿館
——2019 火人節(jié)裝置芬蘭赫爾辛基市

設(shè)計(jì)單位: 芬蘭JKMM建筑師事務(wù)所

合作設(shè)計(jì)：Sauna on Fire

項(xiàng)目狀況: 2019年竣工

Design: JKMM Architects

Cooperative design: Sauna on Fire

Building status: Completed in 2019

圓形的生命蒸汽桑拿館由赫爾辛基的JKMM建筑事務(wù)所和 Sauna on Fire 團(tuán)隊(duì)共同設(shè)計(jì)，建于2019火人節(jié)期間，作為一件解構(gòu)藝術(shù)裝置來(lái)為游客提供一系列桑拿體驗(yàn)。

“Sauna”（桑拿）是唯一被英語(yǔ)引入的芬蘭語(yǔ)單詞。它大概是芬蘭語(yǔ)中描述沙漠炎熱狀況時(shí)，最常使用的對(duì)比。在這片擁有550萬(wàn)居民和超過(guò)320萬(wàn)個(gè)桑拿房的土地上，芬蘭人對(duì)桑拿房的使用具有深刻的哲學(xué)含義，奇怪、直接，日復(fù)一日。桑拿的傳統(tǒng)起源于芬蘭人與大自然、森林、湖泊幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)一直不變的緊密關(guān)系，如今它已在芬蘭的社會(huì)中根深蒂固。即使在今天，桑拿浴仍然是所有重要生活事件的核心。它象征了友愛(ài)、團(tuán)結(jié)和集體社會(huì)領(lǐng)域。在社交方面外，桑拿房也是沐浴、排毒的場(chǎng)所，還提供私密空間以精神凈化、安寧冥想。桑拿房是讓身心共同蛻變的場(chǎng)所。

Sauna on Fire 是一個(gè)跨界團(tuán)隊(duì)，由藝術(shù)家、思想家、學(xué)者和火人組成。Marcus Kujala, Hannu Rytky, P?ivi Aaltio 和 Samppa Lappalainen 這三位建筑師兼 JKMM 建筑事務(wù)所CEO通過(guò)與 Sauna on Fire 團(tuán)隊(duì)合作，為火人節(jié)的獨(dú)特參與文化作出了貢獻(xiàn)。他們共同設(shè)計(jì)的的“生命蒸汽”木亭體現(xiàn)了芬蘭桑拿房的典型物理要素。這是一棟人體尺度下的木建筑，具有極簡(jiǎn)主義的美學(xué)，專(zhuān)注于周?chē)淖匀还庥埃⒒貞?yīng)了這個(gè)炎熱沙漠環(huán)境中的重要聚會(huì)。

Circle-shaped Steam of Life Pavilion, co-designed by JKMM architects and Sauna on Fire collective, will be built in Burning Man festival to offer the sequenced sauna experience, as a deconstructed art installation.

“Sauna” is the only Finnish word used in the English language and it is probably one of the most common comparisons used in Finland to describe desert hot conditions. In a land of 5,5 million inhabitants and over 3,2 million saunas, the Finns’ approach to the sauna is profoundly philosophical and strangely straightforward and day-to-day. Deeply rooted in Finnish society,the tradition of sauna stems from the Finnish people’s closeness to nature and the country’s forests and lakes and has remained unchanged throughout the centuries. Even today, the sauna is at centre stage of all important events in life. It symbolises camaraderie, solidarity and the collective social domain. In addition to these social aspects, the sauna is a place for bathing and detoxing as well as private spiritual purging and peaceful meditation. A place of both physical and spiritual metamorphosis.

Marcus Kujala, Hannu Rytky, P?ivi Aaltio and Samppa Lappalainen, three architects and the CEO of JKMM Architects will contribute to the unique participatory culture of Burning Man by joining the Sauna on Fire -collective, an interdisciplinery group of artists, thinkers, scholars and Burners with an ambition and curiosity for co-creation, volunteerism, positive spirit and inclusion of participants with diverse backgrounds;-by introducing the essence of Finnish mindscape in the physical form of a sauna pavilion at the Burning Man society in 2019.

?Hannu Rytky

在火人節(jié)，一條通道引導(dǎo)游客在圓形桑拿館中游覽。游客從嚴(yán)酷的沙漠光中進(jìn)入建筑，穿過(guò)昏暗的通道，走向蒸汽房，芬蘭桑拿房的中心。這里設(shè)置有長(zhǎng)木凳和 “kiuas” 爐。享受過(guò)桑拿浴，參觀者進(jìn)入一個(gè)光線柔和的空間，通向桑拿館的中庭院落。雖然沒(méi)有湖泊、海洋或大雪來(lái)舒緩身心，中庭院子提供了一片陰涼的綠洲，可以讓游客沉靜下來(lái)，冥想放松。就像芬蘭的桑拿房一樣，生命蒸汽桑拿館將以同樣永恒、難忘的方式捕捉人們共同的理想。

JKMM 的 Samppa Lappalainen 描述這個(gè)過(guò)程時(shí)說(shuō)道，“ 我們付出了巨大的努力，使桑拿館能夠?qū)嶋H打包、運(yùn)輸，并最終在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)建造。這也是我們?cè)噲D減少建筑組件數(shù)的原因。我們基本上使用了兩種尺寸的膠合板，三種長(zhǎng)度的木條，整個(gè)桑拿館可以被收納進(jìn)半個(gè)集裝箱內(nèi)。”

“Steam of Life”, the co-created timber pavilion, embodies the typical physical elements of a Finnish sauna. It is a human scale wooden building, minimalistic in its aesthetic and focused on embracing ambient natural light and shade, in response to what will be a major gathering within a hot desert environment. A passageway will guide visitors to circulate through the round shaped sauna pavilion. Stepping in from the harsh desert light, visitors enter a low-lit passage that leads to the steam room, the heart of a Finnish Sauna, with wooden benches and the “kiuas”stove. After enjoying a sauna, visitors will enter a softly-lit space opening onto the atrium yard in the middle of the pavilion. In the absence of a lake, sea or a pile of snow to dip into, the atrium yard offers a shaded oasis for cooling down and meditative relaxing.

Just like saunas in Finland, Steam of Life -pavilion is about capturing the same ideal of a shared sense of humanity in a memorable and timeless way.

?Hannu Rytky

?Hannu Rytky

軸側(cè)圖 axonometric view

?Hannu Rytky