運動可彌補糟糕睡眠的不良影響

江蘇 謝 勇

研究發現，睡眠不足可以靠運動來彌補。 只要運動量達標，即使睡眠質量差，也可以抵消不良睡眠帶來的健康風險。

題材體裁健康說明文325★★★★文章詞數難度建議用時7分鐘

We all know that a healthy life means getting both plenty of exercise and enough good-quality sleep, but reality often gets in the way. A new research indicates that doing enough exercise could make up for some of the unhealthy impacts of bad sleep.

“We found those who had both the poorest sleep quality and who exercised the least were most at risk of death from heart disease and cancer,” says epidemiologist (流行病學家) Bo-Huei Huang, from the University of Sydney.“The findings suggest a likely synergistic (協作的) effect between the two behaviors.”

Participants were grouped into three levels of physical activity and were also given a sleep quality score from 0-5 based on the amount of shut-eye they got, how late they stayed up, snoring and daytime sleepiness.

Those with the highest risk of dying from cancer or heart disease during the study period were those with the worst quality sleep and who didn't have enough exercise. That risk went down for people with poor quality sleep but who did meet the exercise guidelines.

In the case of all forms of cancer, for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active. However, that risk just about disappeared for those who didn't score well on sleep but did score well on physical activity.

For now, it's not clear why more exercise might make up for poor sleep, as far as our health goes.“Both behaviors are critical for health but, sadly, our society suffers from both physical inactivity and a poor sleep crisis,” says population health researcher Emmanuel Stamatakis, from the University of Sydney. “Considering that physical activity is perhaps more controllable than sleep, our study offers people more health encouragement to be physically active and provides health professionals with more reasons to prescribe (開處方) physical activity to patients with sleep problems.”

Reading Check

1. What does the underlined phrase “gets in the way” in paragraph 1 mean?

A. Differs.B. Changes.C. Blocks.D. Limits.

2. Who has the highest risk of dying from cancer according to the fifth paragraph?

A. People sleep well and have little exercise.

B. People sleep well and exercise regularly.

C. People sleep badly and exercise regularly.

D. People sleep badly and have little exercise.

3. What happened to people who didn't score well on sleep but did score well on physical activity?

A. They had a higher risk of dying from cancer.

B. The risk of dying from cancer nearly disappeared.

C. They had a higher risk of dying from heart disease.

D. They had no chance of having heart disease.

4. What can we know from what Emmanuel Stamatakis says in the last paragraph?

A. He thinks people don't exercise enough and have bad sleep.

B. He thinks exercise is harder to carry on than sleep.

C. He thinks doctors should be more professional.

D. He is doubtful about the new findings.

Language Study

Ⅰ. Difficult sentence in the text

In the case of all forms of cancer, for example, those at the unhealthiest end of the sleep and exercise scale had a 45 percent higher risk of dying from cancer than those with good sleep scores who kept physically active. 以各種癌癥為例，那些睡眠質量最差、運動量最低的人死于癌癥的風險比那些睡眠質量好并堅持運動的人要高出45%。

【點石成金】本句是一個主從復合句，句中In the case of all forms of cancer為介詞短語作狀語，who引導定語從句，修飾先行詞those。

Ⅱ. Theme-centered chunks

get in the way 阻礙；妨礙

make up for 彌補

at risk from/of 有……的危險

as far as 只要；就……而言