應勤來 張旭 滕懿群 朱雯
[關鍵詞] 遠程醫學;機器人;床邊會診;PICU
[中圖分類號] R197.324? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-9701(2021)20-0017-04
Application of remote robotic bedside consultation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in primary hospitals
YING Qinlai? ?ZHANG Xu? ?TENG Yiqun? ?ZHU? Wen
The Second Hospital of Jiaxing,Jiaxing? 314000,China
[Abstract] Objective To explore the application value of remote robotic bedside consultation in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in primary hospitals. Methods 22 cases of remote robotic bedside consultation were collected in our hospital from July 2018 to December 2019.The case data were retrospectively analyzed and were statistical analyzed.Results The demand rate of consultation was high (condition need: 86.4%);the cure rate after the consultation was 86.4%,and the consultation satisfaction was 90.9%.The family members of the children patients were in agreement with this type of consultation and the results of consultation. Conclusion The remote robotic bedside consultation in PICU in primary hospitals can enable consultation experts to better understand the condition of critically ill children. Through consultation,the consultation can be carried out in a timely and effective manner,which is conducive to improving the cure and improvement rate of children;at the same time,it can also improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of difficult and critical conditions by PICU physicians in primary hospitals,and accelerate the development of PICU in primary hospitals.
[Key words] Remote medicine;Robots;Bedside consultation;PICU
遠程醫學通常是指通過計算機電子通訊技術、遠程遙控技術,充分發揮大型醫學單位的醫療技術和醫療設備優勢,對醫療衛生條件相對不足的地區或醫療單位進行遠距離診斷、治療和咨詢。
遠程醫學發展歷史久遠,從上世紀50年代末開始,美國學者Taylor Luisa[1]首先將雙向電視系統用于醫療,此后,美國相繼不斷有人利用通訊和電子技術進行醫學活動。我國的遠程醫療技術起步偏晚,但發展迅速。在20世紀90年代,我國的通信和電子信息網絡開始發展,為遠程醫學創造了條件。1993年,“金字工程”被提出,結合我國當時國情,1995年前衛生部建立“金衛工程”,至今已建立國家醫療衛生高速信息網絡,通過衛星、電子通訊、網絡和多媒體技術實現全國衛生機構間的聯網,建立了多個遠程醫療服務[2],為偏遠地區和醫療條件有限的單位的疑難急重癥患者進行遠程會診,也可以進行遠程的學術講座及臨床教學,推動我國遠程醫學事業的發展。
遠程會診是遠程醫學中的一種方式,其中遠程機器人床邊會診是一種特殊的遠程會診方式。嘉興位于浙江東北部,是上海大都市圈的重要城市,可以間接分享到上海地區先進的醫療資源。我院兒童重癥醫學科(PICU)從2015年設立,起步較晚,較上海大型專科醫療單位PICU的醫療技術、醫療設備、醫療經驗有差距。許多危重患兒因為經濟問題、轉運條件的限制無法至上海享受更好的醫療服務,PICU患兒多數伴有意識障礙,不易移動,如需遠程會診,優先選擇遠程床邊會診模式。2018年7月我院兒科與上海市某兒童專科醫院建立協作關系,從2018年7月至2019年12月,共開展遠程會診107例,其中傳統遠程視頻會診85例(圖1),遠程機器人床邊會診22例(圖2)。現對22例遠程機器人床邊會診的情況進行回顧性調查,以探討遠程機器人床邊會診在兒童重癥醫學科的應用價值。