人文關懷干預對住院精神分裂癥患者病情的影響

李添紅　　馬靈亞　　朱亞珍

[關鍵詞] 人文關懷干預;精神分裂癥;社會功能;心理管理

[中圖分類號] R473.74? ? ? ? ? [文獻標識碼] B? ? ? ? ? [文章編號] 1673-9701（2021）21-0162-04

The influence of humanistic care intervention on the condition of inpatients with schizophrenia

LI Tianhong1? ?MA Lingya2? ?ZHU Yazhen3

1.Department of Emergency， Shaoxing Seventh People′s Hospital， Shaoxing? ?312000， China; 2.Department of Science and Education， Shaoxing Seventh People′s Hospital， Shaoxing? ?312000， China; 3.Nursing Department， Shaoxing Seventh People′s Hospital， Shaoxing? ?312000， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the effect of humanistic care intervention on the condition of inpatients with schizophrenia. Methods Seventy patients with schizophrenia admitted to our hospital from May 2016 to January 2019 were included in this study.According to the random number table method，they were divided into the study group and the control group，with 35 cases in each group.All subjects were treated with drugs according to the original treatment plan.Patients in the study group received humanistic care intervention.The ward environment was improved.The psychological management was strengthened.The patients′ inner spiritual and cultural needs were paid attention to.The life and diet management was regulated，and regular body communication activities were carried out.All patients were evaluated with the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale （SQLS），Self-esteem Scale （SES），family intimacy and adaptability scale at the time of enrollment （before treatment），two weeks of treatment，and four weeks of treatment.Results The SOLS scale，SES scale，family intimacy，and fitness scale scores of the two groups showed significant changes with the time progress of treatment.The SQLS scores of the study group at 2 and 4 weeks of treatment were significantly lower than those of the control group （P<0.05）.The scores of the self-esteem scale，family intimacy and fitness scale of the study group at 2 and 4 weeks of treatment were significantly higher than those of the control group （P<0.05）. Conclusion Active humanistic care intervention is helpful to the recovery of personal and social functions of patients with schizophrenia.

[Key words] Humanistic care intervention;Schizophrenia;Social function;Psychological management

伴隨社會化進程與生活節奏的加快，精神障礙患者的發病人數和總發病率逐年升高[1]，精神衛生問題不僅是患者的個體健康問題，業已成為世界范圍內的重要公共衛生問題。一項流行病學的統計分析結果顯示，截至2014年底，我國登記在冊的嚴重精神障礙患者的發病人數已經超過400萬人[2]。目前，臨床上對精神分裂癥的研究和治療主要是從醫學角度來介入，治療的模式采取生物化學模式或精神健康服務等[3]。然而，單純的關注如何以藥物的方法消除精神分裂癥的癥狀是以疾病為本的治療手段。當代醫學管理模式已經轉變為生物-心理-社會醫學模式，在治療疾病的過程中，對患者病癥進行有效治療的同時，還應給予其適當的心理關懷和慰藉。實踐證明，住院接受治療的精神分裂癥患者，由于長時間的接受封閉式的管理模式，不與外界接觸，脫離了社會和家庭，通常表現出思維的完整性下降、對生活喪失興趣、自信心不足、缺乏人際交往技巧與能力等現象[4]?？梢?，在精神分裂癥患者的治療過程中，積極的對其個人和社會功能的恢復是亟待解決的難題。本研究主要分析了人文關懷干預對住院精神分裂癥患者個人及社會功能恢復的影響。