李帥 胡少軍 范玉超



摘 要:為了解生物質灰在土壤改良與修復領域的研究熱點和發展趨勢,通過Web of ScienceTM核心數據庫,利用Histcite和VOSviewer軟件,從被引頻次Top10的作者、期刊及研究熱點等方面對2000—2021年間發表的該領域文獻進行了計量分析。結果表明:高被引的作者主要集中于西歐發達國家,主要期刊有Plant and Soil、Forest Ecology and Management及Biomass & Bioenergy;主要研究熱點是生物質灰水溶液中重金屬銅、鎘、鉛、鋅的吸附機理,生物質灰自身養分、活性組分(活性硅等)在農業生產及重金屬土壤鈍化修復方面的應用。
關鍵詞:生物質灰;土壤改良;土壤修復;計量分析
中圖分類號 X53? 文獻標識碼 A文章編號 1007-7731(2021)19-0111-05
Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on Remediation and Improvement of Soils by Biomass Ash Based on Web of Science
LI Shuai1, 2, 3 et al.
(1School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; 2Engineering Laboratory of Anhui Province for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Construction of Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan 232001, China; 3Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology , Wuhu, 241003, China)
Abstract: In order to get a deep understanding of highlights and trend of the researches on in the field of remediation and improvement of Soils by biomass ash, a study was carried out on bibliometric analysis of the researches in these aspects. In this study, based on the Web of ScienceTM core collection database bibliometric analysis was performed of the articles, published during the period of 2000—2021, from the citations of related topics, high-citated authors, source journals and hot spots, etc. using the analysis tools by HistCite and VOSviewer software. Results show that in this research field, the authors with high citation frequency are mainly concentrated in the developed countries of Western Europe; the Plant and Soil, the Forest Ecology and Management and the Biomass & Bioenergy, etc. are the most important publishers of the papers in the field; The main research focus is the adsorption mechanism of biomass ash on heavy metals such as copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in aqueous solution. In addition, nutrient and active components (active silicon, etc.) of biomass ash in agricultural production and heavy metal in-situ remediation of soil is also a hot research direction.
Key words: Biomass ash; Soil improvement; Soil remediation; Econometric analysis
當前,我國每年的農業廢棄物產生量十分巨大。據統計,我國種植業秸稈可收集量約8.3億t[1],且以每年5%~10%的速率增長[2]。近年來,國家出臺了一系列規劃與指導意見,推動秸稈焚燒發電資源化利用秸稈廢棄物[3]。截至2020年底,全國已投運的農林生物質項目374個,年消耗農林廢棄物約4300萬t,年發電量約510億kWh[4],實現農業廢棄物的資源化利用,取得了顯著的社會、經濟、環境效益。隨著生物質燃料發電產業的發展,火電廠產生了大量的生物質灰渣廢棄物。許多生物質灰渣主要采用集中填埋方式處理,占用土地資源,灰渣的飛揚散播還會造成大氣污染,并引起地下水污染。我國農林生物質電廠所使用的生物質燃料主要有秸稈、廢舊木材、稻殼、竹子、樹皮及其混合物等[5]。不同燃料燃燒后的灰渣所含礦質營養元素種類和含量也不盡相同,如水稻秸稈灰渣中硅含量較高,玉米秸稈灰渣中磷含量較高。一般來說,生物質灰分占生物質干質量的0.5%~20%[6],燃燒后的生物質灰渣中含有Si、Ca、Na、K、Mg、P等無機礦物質元素,也含有Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn、Ni、Cr、Al、Ti等微量和痕量元素以及有機物[7-9]。由于燃料的來源和種類、燃燒條件以及灰渣的采集位置的不同,生物質灰的物理性質及各元素的含量也會有所差別[8-11]。