二氧化碳在華北大黑鰓金龜幼蟲定位寄主植物根系中的作用

劉香雨 趙旭 王志敏 秦健輝 屈亞飛 李克斌 曹雅忠 尹姣

摘要

為探究二氧化碳（CO2）在華北大黑鰓金龜Holotrichia oblita幼蟲定位寄主植物根系時所發揮的作用，對其開展了觸角電位生理反應及行為生測試驗。研究結果表明，CO2濃度為0.75%、1.5%、3%、6%時均能顯著激發幼蟲的觸角電位和趨性反應，且隨著濃度增加幼蟲對CO2的趨向爬行所用時間顯著縮短;根系分泌物同樣能引起華北大黑鰓金龜幼蟲的觸角電位和趨性行為反應，且與1.5% CO2間無顯著差異;將1.5% CO2分別與棕櫚酸甘油酯、2丁烯酸、肉豆蔻酸、十四烷、4甲基2氧戊酸、十二烷、環己六醇、鄰二甲苯和對羥基苯甲酸等9種根系分泌物混合后對試蟲引誘效果增強，其趨向爬行時間顯著縮短。以上結果顯示，CO2在華北大黑鰓金龜幼蟲定位寄主植物根系過程中發揮了重要的指引和增效作用，試驗結果可為華北大黑鰓金龜幼蟲的綠色防治提供新思路。

關鍵詞

華北大黑鰓金龜幼蟲;二氧化碳;植物根系分泌物;觸角電位;行為反應

中圖分類號：

S433.5

文獻標識碼：A

DOI：10.16688/j.zwbh.2020575

The role of carbon dioxide in the orientation of Holotrichia oblita larvae to the host plant root

LIU Xiangyu，ZHAO Xu，WANG Zhimin，QIN Jianhui，QU Yafei，

LI Kebin，CAO Yazhong，YIN Jiao*

（State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests， Institute of Plant

Protection， Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Beijing100193， China）

Abstract

In order to explore the role of carbon dioxide （CO2） in locating the roots of host plants by the larvae of Holotrichia oblita， the electroantennogram （EAG） and behavioral responses were assayed. The results showed that the stimulation of 0.75%， 1.5%， 3%， 6% CO2 elicited a strong reaction of the larvae， and their crawling speed became faster with increasing concentration of CO2. The root exudates could also induce an EAG and chemotaxis response of H.oblita larvae， and the results were similar to that of the group of 1.5% CO2. Furthermore， mixing 1.5% CO2 with nine kinds of root exudates， i.e.， tripalmitin， 2butenoic acid， myristic acid， tetradecane， 4methyl2oxovaleric acid， dodecane， inositol， oxylene and phydroxybenzoic acid， respectively， could enhance the attraction effect and significantly shorten the crawling time. These results suggested that CO2 played an important role in guiding and enhancing the locating capability of the larvae of H.oblita for the host plant roots， which provides a new idea for green control of H.oblita larvae.

Key words

Holotrichia oblita larvae;carbon dioxide;plant root exudates;EAG;behavioral responses

蠐螬為鞘翅目金龜子幼蟲的統稱，是我國地下害蟲中種類最多、發生為害最嚴重的類群[1]。其取食苗木根系，使其生長發育不良甚至死亡;或取食種子新萌發出的胚根、胚莖，使其不能萌發出土成苗，發生嚴重時可毀壞整塊苗圃[2]，而且苗木被咬食后，傷口處易感染病菌。據統計，植物地下部分受害有86%是蠐螬為害造成的[3]。另外，由于種植結構調整、免耕、淺耕、秸稈還田、有機肥推廣等措施的實施，蠐螬在田間的為害日益嚴重[4]。……