崔紅紅 張幸媛 田宇豪 甘斌 尹燕 胡新喜 熊興耀 秦玉芝






摘要
為了解湖南省馬鈴薯種薯質(zhì)量和主要病毒病發(fā)生情況,2019年-2020年馬鈴薯秋作和冬作期間,對(duì)長(zhǎng)沙、益陽(yáng)、湘潭、澧臨等馬鈴薯生產(chǎn)區(qū)的155個(gè)馬鈴薯樣品,運(yùn)用反轉(zhuǎn)錄 聚合酶鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)(RTPCR)和雙抗體夾心酶聯(lián)免疫吸附檢測(cè)(DASELISA) 技術(shù),篩查6種主要馬鈴薯病毒,包括馬鈴薯X病毒 Potato virus X (PVX)、馬鈴薯Y病毒Potato virus Y (PVY)、馬鈴薯M病毒Potato virus M (PVM)、馬鈴薯S病毒Potato virus S (PVS)、馬鈴薯A病毒Potato virus A (PVA)、馬鈴薯卷葉病毒Potato leaf roll virus(PLRV)。檢測(cè)結(jié)果表明:6種馬鈴薯病毒病在湖南均有不同程度的發(fā)生,單一和兩種病毒復(fù)合感染植株占比最高,其次是3種病毒復(fù)合感染,存在極少數(shù)植株復(fù)合感染4~5種病毒病情況。在秋作馬鈴薯中,PVY檢出率達(dá)到29.41%;PVS和PVA檢出率均為27.94%;PVM、PVX、PLRV的檢出率分別為20.59%、19.12%、17.65%。在冬作馬鈴薯中,PVX 檢出率最高,達(dá)到31.03%;其次是PLRV,檢出率為25.29%;PVS、PVM、PVA、PVY的檢出率依次為19.54%、16.09%、10.34%、5.75%。綜上所述,近年來(lái)湖南地區(qū)馬鈴薯病毒病發(fā)生有抬頭之勢(shì),其中PVX和PVY最為嚴(yán)重,復(fù)合感染增加,受天氣和種源影響,秋作馬鈴薯比冬作馬鈴薯情況嚴(yán)重。
??關(guān)鍵詞
馬鈴薯;病毒病;調(diào)查鑒定;RTPCR;DASELISA
中圖分類號(hào):
S435.32
文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A
DOI:10.16688/j.zwbh.2020541
Investigation on occurrence of potato virus disease in Hunan province
CUI Honghong1,ZHANG Xingyuan1,TIAN Yuhao1,GAN Bin1,YIN Yan1,HU Xinxi1,XIONG Xingyao2,QIN Yuzhi1*
(1. College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University, ERC for Horticultural Crop Germplasm
Creation and New Variety Breeding,Ministry of Education, Changsha410128, China; 2.Agricultural
Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen518120, China)
Abstract
To clear the quality of seed potato tubers and the occurrence of major virus diseases in Hunan province, 155 potato samples from Changsha, Yiyang, Xiangtan and Lilin potato production areas from 2019 to 2020 were screened for six major potato viruses, including Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus M (PVM), Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus A (PVA), Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV)by? reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) and double antibody sandwich enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (DASELISA). The results showed that six potato virus occurred in different degrees in Hunan province. The proportion of single and two kinds of virus infection was the highest, followed by three kinds of virus infection, while there were very few plants infected with 4 5 kinds of virus diseases. In autumn potatoes, the detection rate of PVY reached 29.41%, those rates of PVS and PVA were 27.94%, while those of PVM, PVX and PLRV were 20.59%, 19.12% and 17.65%, respectively. In winter potatoes, the detection rate of PVX was the highest (31.03%), followed by PLRV (25.29%), while those of PVS, PVM, PVA and PVY were 19.54%, 16.09%, 10.34% and 5.75%, respectively. In conclusion, in recent years, the occurrence of potato virus diseases in Hunan province has been on the rise, especially PVX and PVY are the most serious, and the mixed infection is increasing. Affected by weather and provenance, the situation of virus infection in autumn potato is more serious than that in winter potato.
Key words
potato;viral disease;investigation;RTPCR;DASELISA
馬鈴薯Solanum tuberosum是一種分布廣泛、適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)、產(chǎn)量高且具有較高的營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值和經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值的作物。中國(guó)是世界上最大的馬鈴薯生產(chǎn)國(guó)之一,隨著馬鈴薯種植面積的不斷擴(kuò)大,馬鈴薯受病毒病危害也越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。病毒病導(dǎo)致的馬鈴薯植株退化,嚴(yán)重影響馬鈴薯的產(chǎn)量和質(zhì)量,可使馬鈴薯減產(chǎn)20%~50%不等[1 3]。
已報(bào)道的馬鈴薯病毒病多達(dá)40種以上[4 6],危害比較嚴(yán)重的主要有……