檳城生物多樣性項目 馬來西亞檳城

業(yè)主單位：馬來西亞檳城州政府

主創(chuàng)建筑師：Bjarke Ingels,Daniel Sundlin,Kai-Uwe Bergmann

主管建筑師：Jeremy Alain Siegel

項目監(jiān)管：Shane Dalke,Autumn Visconti,Veronica Acosta

項目面積：4 500 英畝

Client: Penang State Government,Malaysia

Partners-in-Charge: Bjarke Ingels,Daniel Sundlin,Kai-Uwe Bergmann

Associate-in-Charge: Jeremy Alain Siegel

Project Leaders: Shane Dalke,Autumn Visconti,Veronica Acosta

Size: 4 500 acres

BIG與Hijjas和Ramboll聯(lián)手打造的“生物多樣化城市”方案贏得了馬來西亞檳城南島總體規(guī)劃的國際設(shè)計競賽。規(guī)劃內(nèi)容包含4.6公里的公共海灘、600英畝的公園場地和25公里的濱海空間。

“生物多樣化城市”方案立足“檳城2030”的發(fā)展愿景，著眼于提高城市宜居性、刺激社會和經(jīng)濟的協(xié)同發(fā)展，以及為后代提供可持續(xù)的生存環(huán)境。“生物多樣化城市”將成為全新且可持續(xù)的全球目的地，為文化、生態(tài)和經(jīng)濟的增長提供保障，并致力于在檳城南島這一全球最具生物多樣性的地區(qū)實現(xiàn)人與自然的和諧共存。

總體規(guī)劃由三個不同的島嶼組成，大約將包括4.6公里的公共海灘，600英畝的公園和檳城海岸外25公里的濱水區(qū)，并具有新的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

BIG的新總體規(guī)劃將是一個新的可持續(xù)發(fā)展的全球目的地，在這里，文化，生態(tài)和經(jīng)濟增長將得到保障，人與自然共存于檳城島南岸這個地球上生物多樣性最豐富的地區(qū)之一。

相比之下，BIG的總體規(guī)劃被認為是三個不同島嶼的“城市拼接圖”，并且作為這個綜合項目城市設(shè)計指南集，解決行人和出行網(wǎng)絡(luò)，可持續(xù)建設(shè)和收集資源的問題。這三個島嶼將把占地50至500英畝，容納15,000至18,000居民的混合用途地區(qū)聚集在一起，并在每個地區(qū)周圍形成連續(xù)的50至100m緩沖區(qū)，建立棲息地的連通性并為保護區(qū)，公園，走廊和城市廣場提供邊緣生態(tài)支持。

海峽是生物多樣性的第一個島嶼，分三個互補階段建造；在第一階段：活動目的地包括波浪池和技術(shù)園區(qū)。在第二階段中，將有一個公民中心在該地區(qū)建立治理和研究機構(gòu)。在第三階段，文化海岸將以檳城喬治鎮(zhèn)的傳統(tǒng)和充滿活力的創(chuàng)造力為基礎(chǔ)，從而創(chuàng)造和吸引國際視野。

馬來西亞最新的公共目的地將成為會議、教育中心和面向家庭的公園的未來之所，當(dāng)?shù)厝撕涂腿丝梢栽谶@里探索技術(shù)，機器人和虛擬現(xiàn)實的世界。

“生物多樣化城市”的第二個島嶼將是The Mangroves，它將是致力于商業(yè)活動的中央島嶼，該島嶼圍繞一個庇護的濕地網(wǎng)絡(luò)而組織，為其同名的Mangrove森林創(chuàng)造了合適的環(huán)境-一種重要的自然基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，吸收二氧化碳的能力是典型森林的四倍。在紅樹林的中心，將有竹塔用以舉辦會議，會議和大型活動，并將總體規(guī)劃中開發(fā)的知識廣播到全世界。

BIG,Hijjas and Ramboll are selected as winners of Penang State Government’s international competition to design a masterplan for Penang South Islands,providing Penangites with approximately 4.6km of public beaches,600 acres of parks and a 25km waterfront.Our masterplan proposal– BiodiverCity– supports the Penang2030 vision with a clear focus on livability,on stimulating a socially and economically inclusive development,and on environmental sustainability for future generations.BiodiverCity will be a new sustainable,global destination where cultural,ecological and economic growth is secured and where people and nature co-exist in one of the most biodiverse places on the planet at the southern shore of Penang Island.

Penang’s vast biodiversity spans various topographies and protected environments which in recent years have seen its coastal zones and natural habitats disrupted by urban developments.In contrast,BiodiverCity is conceived as an Urban Mosaic of three diverse islands,and a set of urban design guidelines for mixing programs,addressing pedestrian and mobility networks,building sustainably and harvesting resources.The three islands bring together mixed-use districts of 15 000 to 18 000 residents across 50 to 500 acres,and a continuous 50 to 100m buffer around each district,establishing habitat connectivity and supporting edge ecologies in reserves,parks,corridors and urban plazas.

The Channels,BiodiverCity’s first island,is constructed in three complementary phases: in Phase 1,Active Destinations include a wave pool and technology park;in Phase 2,a Civic Heart establishes governance and research institutions in the area;and in Phase 3,a Cultural Coast builds upon the heritage and vibrant creative energy of Penang’s George Town to create a regional and international draw.As the heart of the district,the Channels’ 500-acre digital park includes spaces for research,development and local business opportunities.Malaysia’s newest public destination will be the future home for conferences,education centers and a family-oriented park where locals and guests can explore the world of technology,robotics and virtual reality.

The Mangroves,BiodiverCity’s second and central island dedicated to businesses,is organized around a network of sheltered urban wetlands,creating suitable environments for its namesake Mangrove forests—an important natural infrastructure that doubles as effective powerhouses for sequestering more than four times as much carbon as a typical forest.At the center of the Mangroves,the Bamboo Beacon hosts meetings,conferences and major events—broadcasting the knowledge developed in BiodiverCity out to the world.In addition,civic amenities are distributed throughout the city to promote inclusive growth and participation in urban life.The buildings in BiodiverCity will be designed to perform efficiently and will to a large extent be constructed by lowcarbon materials such as bamboo and Malaysian timber in combination with green concrete,a sustainable alternative comprised of industrial waste and recycled materials.By encouraging green roofs,facades,public and private open spaces,the islands can form a nearly continuous habitat mosaic feeding back into the forests,beaches,riparian zones and estuaries at the island’s edges.

此外，市民便利設(shè)施遍布整個城市，以促進包容性增長和對城市生活的參與。總體規(guī)劃中的建筑物將被設(shè)計為高效運行，并在很大程度上由竹子和馬來西亞木材等低碳材料與綠色混凝土結(jié)合而成，綠色混凝土是由工業(yè)廢料和再生材料組成的可持續(xù)替代方案。通過對綠色屋頂，外墻，公共和私人開放空間進行裝飾，這些島嶼可以形成近乎連續(xù)的棲息地，與島嶼邊緣的森林，海灘，河岸帶和河口相呼應(yīng)。

生物多樣性城市的最西端的島嶼將是拉古納（Laguna），是圍繞中央碼頭組織的生態(tài)生活的綠洲。八個較小的島嶼形成了一個微型群島，其中的吊腳和梯田房屋利用了Tanjung Gertak Sanggul的自然環(huán)境，漁民著陸點可以通過導(dǎo)航該島的每條水道輕松進入開放水域。

BIG表示，總體規(guī)劃的新棲息地將通過提供本地物種的產(chǎn)卵場來支持水下生物多樣性，娛樂點和孵化場將支持檳城南部海岸的當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)。一條生態(tài)走廊網(wǎng)將把森林保護區(qū)與沿海海灘相連，同時為整個島嶼的棲息地和社區(qū)提供支持。

在人口稠密的地區(qū)內(nèi)，動物可以安全地穿過連續(xù)的樹冠和水道，在自然棲息地內(nèi)，人們可以安全地進入高架木板路。BIG在其網(wǎng)站上說：“生物多樣性城市支持水，氣和陸基自主公共交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)，其目標是在無車環(huán)境中，街道對騎自行車的人和行人來說是安全和歡迎的通道。”

The Laguna,BiodiverCity’s westernmost island,is an oasis for ecological living,organized around a central marina.Eight smaller islands form a miniature archipelago,where floating,stilted and terraced housing takes advantage of the natural setting of TanjungGertakSanggul,and where fisherman landing points can easily access the open waters by navigating each of the island’s waterways.Meanwhile,newly established marine habitats support biodiversity underwater by providing spawning grounds for native species,and recreational points and hatcheries support the local communities along Penang’s southern coast.A web of ecological corridors connects forest reserves to coastal beaches while supporting habitats and communities across the islands.Within human-populated areas,animals are given safe passage through the continuous canopy and waterways,and within natural habitats,people can safely access elevated boardwalks.

BiodiverCity supports a water,air and landbased autonomous public transportation network,aiming for a car free environment where streets serve as a safe and welcoming thoroughfare for bikers and pedestrian.Districts are efficiently connected below platforms to increase the efficiency of goods,services and regional mobility,while maximizing pedestrian safety throughout the public realm.