基于DEA-BCC模型和Malmquist指數的天津市農業科技成果轉化效率研究

米琳 李慧燕

摘? ? 要：為探究天津市農業科技成果轉化機制創新的方向及重點，提高天津市農業科技成果轉化效率，選取2013—2020年的數據，運用DEA—BCC模型和Malmquist指數對天津市農業科技成果轉化效率進行靜態和動態分析，并與北京、上海進行橫向對比。結果表明：2013—2020年京津滬3地綜合技術效率均呈下降的趨勢，農業科技成果轉化效率均未達到最優水平，通過Malmquist 指數分解發現技術變化是其主要影響因素。鑒于此，提出提高天津市農業科技成果轉化效率的4條建議：構建高質量成果產出機制、暢通轉化鏈條、完善服務機制、增強科技金融服務能力，以期為天津市農業現代化建設助力。

關鍵詞：DEA—BCC模型；Malmquist指數；農業科技成果轉化；天津市

中圖分類號：F323.3? ? ? ? ?文獻標識碼：A? ? ? ? ? DOI 編碼：10.3969/j.issn.1006－6500.2023.05.013

Abstract： In order to explore the direction and focus of the innovation of the transformation mechanism of agricultural science and technology achievements in Tianjin， and to improve the efficiency of the transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements in Tianjin， this paper selected panel data from 2013 to 2020， used DEA-BCC model and Malmquist index to conduct static and dynamic analysis on the efficiency of transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements in Tianjin， and made a cross-sectional comparison with Beijing and Shanghai. The results showed that the comprehensive technical efficiency of Beijing， Tianjin and Shanghai all showed a decreasing trend from 2013 to 2020， and the efficiency of transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements did not reach the optimal level， and the decomposition of the Malmquist index revealed that technological change was the main influencing factor. In view of this， four suggestions are put forward to improve the efficiency of the transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements in Tianjin： constructing a high-quality output mechanism， smoothing the transformation chain， improving the service mechanism and enhancing the capacity of science and technology financial services， with a view to contributing to the modernisation of Tianjin's agriculture.

Key words： DEA-BCC model; Malmquist index; transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements; Tianjin

農業科技創新是推動農業發展方式轉變，加快農業現代化建設的重要動力。加快推進農業科技成果轉化，有利于農業科技成果與產業快速對接，助力鄉村振興。推動天津市農業轉型升級，提高天津市農業科技資源的利用效率，激發科研人員創新，促進農業科技成果轉化順暢是實施創新發展戰略亟待解決的核心問題。因此，探究天津市農業科技成果轉化效率變化，發現存在的問題并揭示其原因，有利于成果轉化機制的完善，促進農業現代化建設。

農業科技成果轉化效率是衡量農業科技成果的利用效率及市場價值的重要標準，國內外學者對農業科技成果轉化效率的測度進行大量研究，研究中常用的方法是數據包絡分析法。……