改性西瓜皮基碳?xì)饽z對亞甲基藍(lán)吸附效果研究

黃潔萍　劉亞東　李碩　王曉萌　池明

摘??? 要：為獲得西瓜皮基碳?xì)饽z最佳改性條件，以西瓜皮為碳源，采用水熱—冷凍干燥法制備出西瓜皮基碳?xì)饽z，并用磷酸和氫氧化鈉對其進(jìn)行酸堿改性處理。研究不同改性條件下西瓜皮基碳?xì)饽z對亞甲基藍(lán)的吸附效果，比較不同西瓜皮基碳?xì)饽z對亞甲基藍(lán)的吸附量，篩選出西瓜皮基碳?xì)饽z最佳改性條件。結(jié)果表明：固液比1∶2，0.5 mol·L-1 NaOH 或0.07 mol·L-1 H3PO4對西瓜皮基碳?xì)饽z的改性效果較好，其改性后西瓜皮基碳?xì)饽z對亞甲基藍(lán)的吸附量分別為7.76、4.07 g·g-1。與磷酸相比，氫氧化鈉對西瓜皮基碳?xì)饽z的改性效果更好，經(jīng)0.5 mol·L-1 NaOH 改性的西瓜皮基碳?xì)饽z對亞甲基藍(lán)的吸附量是0.07 mol·L-1 H3PO4改性碳?xì)饽z對亞甲基藍(lán)吸附量的2倍。綜上所述，氫氧化鈉和磷酸改性均可提高西瓜皮基碳?xì)饽z的吸附性能。

關(guān)鍵詞：西瓜皮；碳?xì)饽z；亞甲基藍(lán)；吸附劑；工藝優(yōu)化

中圖分類號： S609.9????????? 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼：A????????? DOI 編碼：10.3969/j.issn.1006－6500.2023.08.015

Study on Adsorption Effect of Modified Watermelon Peel-based Carbon Aerogels on Methylene Blue

HUANG Jieping， LIU Yadong， LI Shuo， WANG Xiaomeng， CHI Ming

（College of Horticulture and Landscape， Tianjin Agricultural University， Tianjin 300384， China）

Abstract： In order to obtain the best modification conditions of watermelon peel-based carbon aerogels， using watermelon peel as carbon， watermelon peel-based carbon aerogels was prepared by hydrothermal-freeze-drying， and it was modified by phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide. The adsorption effect of watermelon rind carbon aerogels on methylene blue under different modification conditions was studied， and the adsorption capacity of different watermelon rind carbon aerogels on methylene blue was compared， and the best modification conditions of watermelon rind carbon aerogels were selected. The results showed that the solid-liquid ratio of 1∶2， 0.5 mol·L-1 NaOH or 0.07 mol·L-1 H3PO4 had the better modification effect on watermelon rind-based carbon aerogels， and the adsorption capacity of modified watermelon rind-based carbon aerogels for methylene blue was 7.76 g·g-1 and 4.07 g·g-1 respectively. Compared with phosphoric acid， sodium hydroxide had a better modification effect on watermelon rind-based carbon aerogels. The adsorption capacity of watermelon rind-based carbon aerogels modified by 0.5 mol·L-1 NaOH was twice that of carbon aerogels modified by 0.07 mol·L-1 H3PO4. To sum up， sodium hydroxide and phosphoric acid modification can improve the adsorption performance of watermelon peel-based carbon aerogels.

Key words： watermelon rinds; carbon aerogel; methylene blue; adsorbent; process optimization

碳?xì)饽z是一種三維多孔碳材料，它的孔隙率高、密度低、導(dǎo)電性佳，在諸多領(lǐng)域極具應(yīng)用前景[1]。Pekala改進(jìn)早前氣凝膠的制備方法，以間苯二酚、甲醛為前驅(qū)體，Na2CO3為催化劑制備出第一塊碳?xì)饽z，提高了氣凝膠的熱穩(wěn)定性[2]。故此，多數(shù)碳?xì)饽z都由酚醛樹脂、間苯二酚等化工原料制備而成。這些碳?xì)饽z雖然交聯(lián)性好，凝膠結(jié)構(gòu)緊密，但在生產(chǎn)上會產(chǎn)生大量污染，且工藝繁瑣，原料成本高，在工業(yè)生產(chǎn)和實(shí)際應(yīng)用中受限[3]。因此，亟待探尋一種經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)保的前驅(qū)體替代物。……