中考英語被動語態(tài)易錯點探尋

在初中英語教材中，被動語態(tài)是一個重點語法項目。使用被動語態(tài)時應(yīng)注意以下幾點：

【探尋一】及物動詞(或動詞短語)有被動語態(tài)；不及物動詞(或動詞短語)無被動語態(tài)。例如：

（1）【誤】The accident was happened this morning.

【正】The accident happened this

morning.

（2）【誤】 Great changes were taken

place in the past ten years in China.

【正】 Greatchangeshave taken

place in the past ten years in China.

【探尋二】主動句中帶雙賓語的動詞，若將直接賓語改為被動句的主語，動詞后應(yīng)加to 或for；如將間接賓語改為被動句的主語，不需加介詞。例如：

【誤】A present was given everybody yesterday.

【正】 Apresentwasgivento

everybody yesterday.

【正】Everybody was given a present yesterday.

常見的帶雙賓語的動詞有：give， send， pass， show， bring， tell( 以上單詞通常用 to) ，buy， get， read， make (以上單詞通常用for)。

【探尋三】“感使動詞”(feel， hear， listen to， let， have， make， see， watch， notice， look at)真奇怪，主動結(jié)構(gòu)“to”走開，被動結(jié)構(gòu)又請來，十個動詞要記牢，不會被它再難倒。例如：

（1）【誤】Lily is often heard sing in her bedroom.

【正】Lilyisoften heard to sing

in her bedroom.

（2）【誤】When father was young， he was made work from morning till night.

【正】When father was young， he was made to work from morning till night.

【探尋四】固定結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞或副詞在被動結(jié)構(gòu)中不可省去。例如：

【誤】The garden was taken good care while the Greens were away from home.

【正】Thegardenwas taken good

care of while the Greens were away from home.

這類常見的短語動詞有：look for， look after， take care of， work out， put on等。

【探尋五】有些動詞如look， seem， smell， sound， feel， taste等作連系動詞用后接形容詞作表語，主動形式可表被動意義，不用被動語態(tài)。例如：

【誤】The apple is tasted very sweet.

【正】The apple tastes very sweet.

【探尋六】有些動詞如write， read， sell，wash， open等當(dāng)強調(diào)動作執(zhí)行情況時，有被動語態(tài);當(dāng)用作不及物動詞來說明主語本身所具有的特征時，無被動語態(tài)。例如：

（1）【誤】The computers are sold well.

【正】The computers sell well.

（2）【誤】The new pen are written well.

【正】The new pen writes well.

【探尋七】在need， want(需要)等動詞后接不定式時，不定式有被動語態(tài)；接動名詞時，動名詞無被動語態(tài)。例如：

【誤】The classroom needs to clean.【正】The classroom needs to be

cleaned/cleaning.

【探尋八】在“too…to…”結(jié)構(gòu)和形容詞+enough to do結(jié)構(gòu)中，通常用主動形式表示被動意義。例如：

【誤】The problem is too difficult to be worked out.

【正】The problem is too difficult to work out.

【友情測試】

用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.NO SMOKING should ______（see）in the stores even in many parts of the city. （2006年甘肅蘭州）

2. The Olympic Games ______（hold）in Beijing in 2008.（2006年四川自貢）

3. —Bird flu(禽流感)is still very serious in some countries.

—Yes. Something must ______(do) to stop it from spreading(傳播).

（2006年江蘇連云港）

4. —Will you be a volunteer(志愿者)when the 2008 Olympic Games ________ (hold) in Beijing?

—I hope so. （2006年江蘇連云港）

5. —I hear that two children’s fun parks ______(build)last year in our city.

—I know， but I think two are not enough. （2006年江蘇連云港）

【參考答案】

1.be seen2.will be held3.be done4.are held5.were built