廣東傳統(tǒng)“高腳獅”的特點(diǎn)及發(fā)展

摘要：對(duì)廣東傳統(tǒng)“高腳獅”的運(yùn)動(dòng)技術(shù)形態(tài)、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀作調(diào)查分析。粵西地區(qū)流行高腳獅，其特點(diǎn)是獅頭大而獅身長，舞動(dòng)時(shí)靠雙手高舉獅頭舞動(dòng)，動(dòng)作幅度較大而且容易疲勞，舞獅頭要經(jīng)常換人，“采青”時(shí)對(duì)“陣法”要求較講究，有較高的觀賞性和傳統(tǒng)特色，有較廣泛的群眾基礎(chǔ)。建議抓緊對(duì)傳統(tǒng)高腳獅的挖掘整理，積極鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)粵西地區(qū)舞獅活動(dòng)的開展，制定高腳獅的向外推廣計(jì)劃，承傳這一寶貴的中華民族非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。

關(guān)鍵詞：民族傳統(tǒng)體育；舞獅；廣東

中圖分類號(hào)：G852.9文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A文章編號(hào)：1006-7116(2008)04-0110-03

Characteristics and development of traditional “tall artificial dancing lions” in Guangdong

HUANG Di-quan1，CUI Jian2，YU Zhong3

（1.School of Physical Education，South China University of Technology，Guangzhou 510641，China；

2.Administration of Sports of Dianbai Sports，Dianbai 525000，China；

3. Department of Physical Education，Guangdong University of Foreign Studies，Guangzhou 510420，China）

Abstract: Investigated and analyzed the technical forms of the tall artificial dancing lion movement in Guangdong. While in the western area in Guangdong， tall artificial dancing lions are popular， provided with such characteristics as big lion head and long lion trunk; when maneuvering the lion， the performer lifts up the lion head and makes dancing moves， which have a widely varying amplitude and tend to cause performer fatigue， thus the performer needs to be replaced frequently; there are particular requirements for “performing tactics” in the “spring mountaineering custom”; tall artificial dancing lions are highly entertaining and traditional features packed， and widely accepted by the masses. The authors suggested to boost the study of tall artificial dancing lions in the western area in Guangdong， actively encourage and guide the development of the traditional tall artificial dancing lion movement and establish a tall artificial dancing lion outbound popularization plan， so as to carry on and forward such a precious Chinese national nonmaterial cultural heritage.

Key words: traditional national sport；artificial dancing lion dance；Guangdong

在廣東流行的傳統(tǒng)南獅的技術(shù)形態(tài)主要有兩種，一種是矮腳獅技術(shù)，即目前全國流行的高樁獅技術(shù)，起源于珠江三角洲，并流行于珠江三角洲；另一種是高腳獅（又稱扭頭獅）技術(shù)，流行于廣東的粵西地區(qū)的陽江市、茂名市和湛江市。矮腳獅在粵西有廣泛的群眾基礎(chǔ)，但與矮腳獅相比，其發(fā)展規(guī)模及傳播區(qū)域都是略遜一籌。本文對(duì)這種高腳獅的技術(shù)形態(tài)、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀作深入調(diào)查，旨在讓更多的人認(rèn)識(shí)并參與高腳獅運(yùn)動(dòng)，更好地繼承和發(fā)揚(yáng)粵西高腳獅傳統(tǒng)文化。

1高腳獅是粵西舞獅技術(shù)的主流

從2003年開始，為參加省的舞獅比賽，茂名市重新組織當(dāng)?shù)匚瑾{比賽，只設(shè)有高樁獅，即矮腳獅隊(duì)參賽項(xiàng)目，結(jié)果參賽隊(duì)伍較少，只有當(dāng)?shù)氐囊恍┢髽I(yè)單位和武術(shù)學(xué)校組隊(duì)參賽，而在2007年舉辦的傳統(tǒng)舞獅比賽中，增設(shè)了高腳獅，有23支高腳獅隊(duì)參加比賽，比矮腳獅隊(duì)多17隊(duì)。……