基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作的寫(xiě)作技巧與常用句式

馬小娟

一、五個(gè)寫(xiě)作技巧

1. 寫(xiě)作前將要點(diǎn)整合成5句話,注意不要遺漏要點(diǎn)。

2. 結(jié)合表達(dá)內(nèi)容,選擇自己熟悉的詞匯和句型,因?yàn)橛谜_的句子來(lái)表達(dá)是得分的關(guān)鍵。

3. 基礎(chǔ)好的同學(xué),在有把握的情況下,可以盡量運(yùn)用高級(jí)的表達(dá)方式。如用強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句、主從復(fù)合句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)、with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)等多種句式結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)增添文采,提高得分的檔次。

4. 恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠^(guò)渡性詞語(yǔ),增強(qiáng)行文的邏輯性和連貫性。

5. 書(shū)寫(xiě)時(shí)不要將e和t、a和u、r和v、y和g、w和m這五對(duì)字母寫(xiě)混淆。要注意書(shū)寫(xiě)工整并保持卷面整潔,以提高印象分。

二、十種常用句式

1. 祈使句。

Now please allow me to introduce you some of our school rules here. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我給您介紹一些學(xué)校規(guī)則。

2. 感嘆句。

What terrible weather were having! 現(xiàn)在的天氣真糟糕!

How glad we were to see the crops and vegetables growing well! 看到莊稼和蔬菜長(zhǎng)勢(shì)良好,我們是多么地高興!

3. 倒裝句。

Only in this way can animals live a real happy and quiet life.只有采取這種方式,動(dòng)物才可以過(guò)著快樂(lè)、平靜的生活。

4. It作形式主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。

It is known to us all that some students cheat in examinations at school. 眾所周知,一些學(xué)生在學(xué)校考試中作弊。

I find it necessary to learn English well. 我覺(jué)得有必要學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。

5. 并列句。

并列結(jié)構(gòu)是用并列連詞把兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的、具有邏輯關(guān)系的簡(jiǎn)單句連為一體,常見(jiàn)的并列連詞有but, yet, and, however, for, therefore, so, or, when, while, not only... but also...等。

All the passengers were smilingandthe sun was shining. 旅客在微笑,太陽(yáng)在照耀。

I was walking along Park Road towards the eastwhenan elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street. 我正沿著公園路向東走,這時(shí)一位老人從街對(duì)面的公園走出來(lái)。

6. 主從復(fù)合句。

主從復(fù)合句是指含名詞性從句、狀語(yǔ)從句或定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。

He pointed outthatthe causes for short-sightedness are so complicatedthatno medicine can cure short-sightedness. 他也指出近視的原因非常復(fù)雜,沒(méi)有藥可治愈。

7. It is...that... 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。

It was not untilat the end of 19th century that shooting, originated as a means of survival, earned its status as a sport. 射擊最初只是生存工具,直到19世紀(jì)末才發(fā)展成為一項(xiàng)體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。

8. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。

Well mostly stay at home in the eveningwatching TV, playing games and meeting friends.晚上我們主要呆在家里看電視,打游戲和會(huì)友。

9. with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

With the society developing very fast, its quite necessary that we (should) have a good knowledge of English and computer. 隨著社會(huì)的快速發(fā)展,我們有必要精通英語(yǔ)和電腦。

10. there be結(jié)構(gòu)。

If I were one of these animals, there is no doubt that I would refuse to meet visitors.如果我是動(dòng)物,毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),我不會(huì)會(huì)見(jiàn)游客。

三、常見(jiàn)的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)

1. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折觀點(diǎn)的有but, however, while, nevertheless, on the contrary等。

2. 表示并列關(guān)系的有at the same time, in the meanwhile, in addition, apart from that, on the other hand等。

3. 表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的有besides, whats more, whats worse, to make the matter worse, worse still/worse than all, worse than ever, not to mention it等。

4. 表示個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的有in my opinion, in my view, personally, I think..., in my point of view, as far as I know, as far as Im concerned, from a different/practical view等。

四、寫(xiě)作案例分享

最近廣州市通過(guò)法規(guī)禁止乞丐在地下人行道行乞留宿。上周一你班就此事進(jìn)行了討論。討論情況如下:

[寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容]請(qǐng)將以上的討論情況寫(xiě)成一篇短文,內(nèi)容包括:

1. 討論的起因及時(shí)間;

2. 支持的比率及理由;

3. 反對(duì)的比率及理由;

4. 你的看法。

[寫(xiě)作要求]

只能使用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部的內(nèi)容。

[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]

句子結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確, 信息內(nèi)容完整, 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)連貫。

參考范文

Recently, Guangzhou passed a law to ban beggars from begging and sleeping in the subwaysandour class had a discussion about it last Monday. 56% of the students dont agree with the idea because they think somebeggarsreally have difficulty in making a living and some of them have to play music in the subways to survive.However, 44% of the students favour the idea because they think beggars make a lot of trouble for the city.Whats more, some beggars are just taking advantage of peoples compassion to make easy money.Personally, I thinkit is a good idea to forbid beggars in public places and instead we should take some measures to help them.

五、寫(xiě)作演練

假設(shè)你是李華,剛從國(guó)外回來(lái),發(fā)現(xiàn)我市發(fā)生了巨大的變化。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下列提示,用英語(yǔ)給你在美國(guó)的朋友Jack發(fā)一個(gè)e-mail,告訴他這里的變化。

1. 興建了許多高速公路,交通便利。

2. 高樓林立,人們的住房條件改善。

3. 新建了許多體育館和公園,人們有許多活動(dòng)場(chǎng)所。

4. 人們生活水平提高,許多家庭有了私家車。

[寫(xiě)作要求]

1. 必須用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部的內(nèi)容;

2. 開(kāi)頭、結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入句數(shù)內(nèi)。

Dear Jacky,

Our city has changed a lot in the past few years. ...

...

Best wishes to you!

Yours truly,

Li Hua

參考范文

Dear Jacky,

Our city has changed a lot in the past few years. More high ways have been built, which makes it very convenient for people to travel. People have better housing conditions now, for many high buildings have appeared. With many newly-built gymnasiums and parks, more and more people have a place to enjoy themselves by doing sports or other leisure activities. Besides, peoples living conditions have been greatly improved and many families have their own cars. People are living a happy life now in our city.

Best wishes to you!

Yours truly,

Li Hua

責(zé)任編校蔣小青